Application of lipidomics strategy to explore aging-related biomarkers and potential anti-aging mechanisms of ginseng

Yang, Shenshen; Dong, Yanyan; Liu, Yuechen; Yan, Xingxu; Sun, Guijiang; Jia, Guoxiang; Li, Xiaokai; Liu, Hui; Su, Haihua; Li, Yubo

doi:10.1007/s10522-021-09937-8

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In addition, Rebaudioside A, a sweetener that decreased ROS accumulation and improved oxidative stress response, caused decreased levels of LPC(20:4) and LPC(20:5) [ 88 ]. Intriguingly, human studies also show that LPC(20:3) and LPC(20:4) are lower in elderly [ 19 ]. On the other hand, others have shown that low levels of LPCs have also been linked to poor mitochondrial function [ 1 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While TAG levels determine cellular energy storage, total TAGs may have both beneficial and detrimental roles depending on the type of lipid and the organism [17,18]. Sphingolipid changes are observed in lipidomic profiles associated with age, making it an interesting biomarker for aging [19]; in particular, sphingomyelin (SM) abundance is associated with lifespan in several organisms, including C. elegans [20][21][22][23]. For example, mutants lacking acid sphingomyelinase (asm-3) have longer lifespans [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sphingolipid changes are observed in lipidomic profiles associated with age, making it an interesting biomarker for aging [ 19 ]; in particular, sphingomyelin (SM) abundance is associated with lifespan in several organisms, including C. elegans [ 20 – 23 ]. For example, mutants lacking acid sphingomyelinase ( asm-3 ) have longer lifespans [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The lipidomes of C. elegans with mutations in asm-3/acid sphingomyelinase and hyl-2/ceramide synthase show distinct lipid profiles during aging

Staab

McIntyre

Wang

et al. 2023

Aging

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Lipid metabolism affects cell and physiological functions that mediate animal healthspan and lifespan. Lipidomics approaches in model organisms have allowed us to better understand changes in lipid composition related to age and lifespan. Here, using the model C. elegans, we examine the lipidomes of mutants lacking enzymes critical for sphingolipid metabolism; specifically, we examine acid sphingomyelinase (asm-3), which breaks down sphingomyelin to ceramide, and ceramide synthase (hyl-2), which synthesizes ceramide from sphingosine. Worm asm-3 and hyl-2 mutants have been previously found to be long-and short-lived, respectively. We analyzed longitudinal lipid changes in wild type animals compared to mutants at 1-, 5-, and 10-days of age. We detected over 700 different lipids in several lipid classes. Results indicate that wildtype animals exhibit increased triacylglycerols (TAG) at 10-days compared to 1-day, and decreased lysophoshatidylcholines (LPC). We find that 10-day hyl-2 mutants have elevated total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and increased LPCs compared to 10-day wildtype animals. These changes mirror another shortlived model, the daf-16/FOXO transcription factor that is downstream of the insulin-like signaling pathway. In addition, we find that hyl-2 mutants have poor oxidative stress response, supporting a model where mutants with elevated PUFAs may accumulate more oxidative damage. On the other hand, 10-day asm-3 mutants have fewer TAGs. Intriguingly, asm-3 mutants have a similar lipid composition as the long-lived, caloric restriction model eat-2/mAChR mutant. Together, these analyses highlight the utility of lipidomic analyses to characterize metabolic changes during aging in C. elegans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The lipidomes of C. elegans with mutations in asm-3/acid sphingomyelinase and hyl-2/ceramide synthase show distinct lipid profiles during aging

Staab

McIntyre

Wang

et al. 2023

Aging

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“…Furthermore, a strong association between obesity, aging, and dysregulation of lipid metabolism has been well established. Obesity was observed to lead to increased levels of long-chain acyl-carnitines, and several lipids have been selected as biomarkers of aging, especially sphingolipids, ether-linked phospholipids, and ester-linked phospholipids [16][17][18]. It seems complex and of great signi cance to explore the relationship between lipid metabolism and IGT and T2DM in obese and elderly populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipidomics Analysis of Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Overweight or Obese Elderly Adults

Shao

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Aging, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) form a metabolic disease continuum that has a continuously increasing prevalence. Lipidomics explains the complex interactions between lipid metabolism and metabolic diseases. We aimed to systematically investigate the plasma lipidome changes induced by impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and T2DM in overweight/obese elderly individuals and to identify potential biomarkers to differentiate between the IGT, T2DM, and control groups. Methods In this cross-sectional study, plasma samples from 148 overweight/obese elderly individuals, including 52 patients with IGT, 47 patients with T2DM, and 49 euglycemic controls, were analyzed using a high-coverage non-targeted absolute quantitative lipidomics approach. Results We quantified 1,840 lipids from thirty-eight classes and seven lipid categories. Among overweight/obese elderly individuals, the lipidomic profiles of IGT and T2DM patients were significantly different from those of controls, while they were similar in the IGT and T2DM groups. The concentrations of diglycerides, triglycerides, phosphatidylcholines, and ceramides were altered in the IGT and T2DM groups. IGT and T2DM induced the accumulation of triglycerides with longer chain lengths and phosphatidylcholines with longer even-chains and regulated the saturation of triglyceride- and phosphatidylcholine-associated fatty acids. Finally, 17 lipids that could be used to differentiate between the IGT, T2DM, and control groups were successfully identified. Conclusion Lipidomics revealed apparent lipidome-wide changes in overweight/obese elderly patients with IGT and T2DM. This study’s results help to explain the complex dysfunctional lipid metabolism in aging, obesity, and diabetes.

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“…Ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) is a perennial herb of the genus Ginseng in the family Cinchona; it prefers shade, usually flowers after 3 years and bears fruit in years 5-6, and is native to northeastern China, North Korea, South Korea, Japan, and eastern Russia [1,2]. Ginseng is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine that has various physiological effects [3][4][5][6][7], such as antitumor [8,9], antiaging [10,11], antifatigue [12,13], and immune modulation [14,15] effects. Currently, ginseng is widely popular as a food around the world, and 3-to 6-year-old artificially grown ginseng is more commonly available on the market; its growth is greatly influenced by germplasm, soil, age, climate, and water source, which can lead to differences in the chemical composition and pharmacological activity of ginseng [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Key Chemical Components in Aqueous Extract Sediments of Panax Ginseng at Different Ages

Lian-kui

et al. 2022

Foods

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Panax ginseng beverages have been some of the most popular plant drinks among consumers in recent years, but they become turbid and sediment are easily formed during production and marketing, these are some of the key issues that affect the quality of the beverages. In this study, we analysed the physicochemical properties of sediments in aqueous extracts of 3- to 6-year-old ginseng, and by tracing the sediment formation process from 0–40 days, we observed that the sediment was gradually beginning on day 10. The solid content of ginseng aged 5 and 6 years was significantly higher than that of ginseng aged 3 and 4 years. There was no significant difference in the sediment amount sediment in the extracts of ginseng of different ages. The light transmittance of the extracts after centrifugation was significantly higher than before centrifugation. Colour-difference analysis found that there was a significant positive correlation between ginseng age and colour-difference value (ΔE). Chemical composition analysis showed that total sugar and proteins were the main components of the sediment. In addition, ginsenosides, amino acids and minerals were also involved in sediment formation to different degrees. A stepwise regression model was established through principal component analysis (PCA), and the regression equation for predicting the sediment amount was obtained as follows: sediment amount (mg/mL) = 2.906 − 0.126 × CTotal saponins − 0.131 × CFree amino acids.

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Application of lipidomics strategy to explore aging-related biomarkers and potential anti-aging mechanisms of ginseng

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

The lipidomes of C. elegans with mutations in asm-3/acid sphingomyelinase and hyl-2/ceramide synthase show distinct lipid profiles during aging

The lipidomes of C. elegans with mutations in asm-3/acid sphingomyelinase and hyl-2/ceramide synthase show distinct lipid profiles during aging

Lipidomics Analysis of Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Overweight or Obese Elderly Adults

Analysis of Key Chemical Components in Aqueous Extract Sediments of Panax Ginseng at Different Ages

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