Application of iron-based magnetic nanoparticles stabilized with triethanolammonium oleate for theranostics

Abstract

The novel iron-oxide nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized with triethanolammonium oleate were produced. The specimens were divided into two groups: the top NPs (extracted from the supernatant) and the bottom NPs (nanoparticles sedimented at the bottom of the flask during centrifugation), respectively. The XRD and Mössbauer studies revealed a presence of the Fe3O4 phase in both types of nanoparticles. Furthermore, the formation of maghemite layer on the surface of nanoparticles was observed. Average particle sizes determined from TEM and XRD studies were lower than the superparamagnetic limit for the magnetite NPs. For glycerol dispersions of both types of NPs, when exposed to 100 kHz external magnetic field, a significant heat release was observed. Furthermore, the contrasts of T1- and T2-weighted MR images were significantly dependent on the concentration of NPs in their water solutions. Additionally, the reductions of the relaxation times were different for the top and the bottom NPs. The viability studies of the colon cancer cells have shown low cytotoxicity of both types of NPs due to their coating with triethanolammonium oleate, which confirm the possibility to apply the NPs for MRI-guided hyperthermia. Moreover, the presence of NPs did not cause greatest increase of the number of apoptotic cells in the human dermal fibroblasts’ culture and has stimulated proliferation of those cells, revealing great potential of the NPs in regenerative medicine. Graphical abstract

Toward the Separation of Different Heating Mechanisms in Magnetic Particle Hyperthermia

“…This means that the heating rates would be different at the bottom and the center of the vial. Indeed, a previous work has shown that the time needed to reach the hyperthermia limit on the bottom is 8 times faster than that of the top of the vial …”

“…Indeed, a previous work has shown that the time needed to reach the hyperthermia limit on the bottom is 8 times faster than that of the top of the vial. 63 …”

“…Indeed, a previous work has shown that the time needed to reach the hyperthermia limit on the bottom is 8 times faster than that of the top of the vial. 63 In all cases, SLP values derived as a function of size were calculated following eq 1 for different MNP concentrations. Note that SLP values are directly proportional to the heating rate (ΔT/Δt).…”

Study of the Possibility of Using Sol–Gel Technology to Obtain Magnetic Nanoparticles Based on Transition Metal Ferrites

“…Ferrites transition elements are promising candidates for medical applications due to a successful combination of their technical parameters: ease of synthesis and presence of magnetic properties. Iron oxide compounds exhibit antibacterial properties and are nontoxic [ 8 ], which allows them to be considered as promising materials for theranostics [ 9 , 10 ]. The nanoparticles’ developed surface displays an increased adsorption activity [ 11 ], which can be used for organic–inorganic composite materials synthesis [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Editorial: The May 2023 cover paper

“…Multi-modal treatments have become routine in cancer treatments to maximize the therapeutic killing of cancer cells, while minimizing the impact of side effects. The material described in this paper brings a second therapeutic in the form of magnetic nanoparticles that can be heated by an alternating magnetic field to locally heat and kill cancer cells in a treatment called hyperthermia [3]. In this material, though, there is also a thermally responsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), that has been shown to induce drug release when heated above its transition temperature [4].…”