Application of imaging techniques for detection of defects, damage and decay in timber structures on-site

Riggio, Mariapaola; Sandak, Jakub; Franke, Steffen

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.06.065

Cited by 42 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…5) because this parameter depends on the size and number of knots through which the propagation waves travel. The same results were obtained by Riggio et al (2015), who identified regions of higher velocity in ultrasound tomography images containing knots. In the multiple range test, five groups exhibited statistically different velocities, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…When constructing tomographic images, the direction of propagation is perpendicular to the grain, and thus, the effect of a knot on the propagation velocity differs from those observed in wood sorting studies. Riggio et al (2015) noted that in acoustic tomography a high velocity can be associated with the presence of knots, and that such increases in velocity vary according to the size and number of knots in the inspected section.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interference from Knots, Wave Propagation Direction, and Effect of Juvenile and Reaction Wood on Velocities in Ultrasound Tomography

Palma¹,

Gonçalves²,

Trinca³

et al. 2018

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Acoustic tomography is based on the velocity variation inside the inspected element. However, wood is heterogeneous and anisotropic, which causes natural velocity variations. In wood, the great challenge to apply this technology is to interpret and differentiate the natural variations of the material from those caused by deterioration. This study aimed to evaluate the interference caused by knots, the wave propagation direction, and the effect of juvenile and reaction wood on the velocities determined via ultrasonic tomography. The tests were performed using 40 disks of Pinus elliottii. From the results it was concluded that intrinsic orthotropy of the wood was reflected in the wave propagation on the disks with radial velocities greater than the tangential ones, higher velocities in the knot zones, and different velocities in the zones of compression and opposition wood. In the measurements using the diffraction mesh, the edge velocities (tangential direction with the maximum angle from the radial direction) were always lower than all of the other velocities in the disk. More significant variations in the velocity were obtained in the juvenile wood. These results contribute to quantifying some interferences associated with tomography images, such that the misinterpretation can be minimized.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference from Knots, Wave Propagation Direction, and Effect of Juvenile and Reaction Wood on Velocities in Ultrasound Tomography

Palma¹,

Gonçalves²,

Trinca³

et al. 2018

BioResources

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Vision systems in various spectral ranges: visible, infrared, thermo-vision, hyperspectral cameras [ [5][6][7][8] this issue]. Measurement of electromagnetic radiations penetrating structure of wood: c-rays, X-rays, microwaves, radar detectors [9][10][11].…”

Section: Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate analysis of multi-sensor data for assessment of timber structures: Principles and applications

Sandak

2015

Construction and Building Materials

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“…Tomographic inversion of stress wave data from multiple measurements allows inspectors to obtain an image of the distribution of stress wave velocity in a cross-section and help estimate the extent of internal decay. Thus, acoustic tomography has been used, with increasing popularity, to assess the internal condition of wood or live trees (Bucur 2003;Socco et al 2004;Wang et al 2004Wang et al , 2009Dackermann et al 2014;Senalik et al 2014;Riggio et al 2015;Gilbert et al 2016). Socco et al (2004) assessed the feasibility of ultrasonic tomography for non-invasive testing of living trees with both laboratory and field ultrasonic measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Velocity Error Correction Based Tomographic Imaging for Stress Wave Nondestructive Evaluation of Wood

Huan¹,

Zhi²,

Li³

et al. 2018

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Stress wave testing has been applied in the nondestructive evaluation of wood for many years. However, the anisotropy property of wood and the limited number of sensors prevent an accurate stress wave velocity measurement and the high resolution of tomographic inversion. This paper proposes a tomographic imaging algorithm (IABLE) with a velocity error correction mechanism. The proposed algorithm computed the wave velocity distribution of the grid cells of wood cross-sections by the least square QR decomposition (LSQR) iterative inversion, and then optimized the tomography with a velocity error correction mechanism (ECM). To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, several healthy and defective logs and live trees were selected as the experimental samples, and the nondestructive testing procedures were finished. With the stress wave velocity data sets measured via a PiCUS 3 stress wave testing instrument, the IABLE algorithm was implemented, and the tomographic images of the log samples and live trees were generated. The experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed imaging algorithm for the nondestructive evaluation of wood.

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Application of imaging techniques for detection of defects, damage and decay in timber structures on-site

Cited by 42 publications

References 19 publications

Interference from Knots, Wave Propagation Direction, and Effect of Juvenile and Reaction Wood on Velocities in Ultrasound Tomography

Interference from Knots, Wave Propagation Direction, and Effect of Juvenile and Reaction Wood on Velocities in Ultrasound Tomography

Multivariate analysis of multi-sensor data for assessment of timber structures: Principles and applications

Velocity Error Correction Based Tomographic Imaging for Stress Wave Nondestructive Evaluation of Wood

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