The mechanics properties of the materials in which displacement sensors or strain gauges can not be intalled or pasted are unable to be measured by the experiment of traditional tension. In view of the case, the new computer tracking system of uniaxial tension based on the digital image correlation method has been developed. Firstly, according to the principle of uniaxial tension, the computer tracking system is designed by combining the loading installation, light source, camera lens, image card with the computer. Secondly, the correlativity is high between the original image and the deformed image, the image correlation formula is utilized to calculate the correlation coefficients of pixel values between the object template and the search region. Moreover, the measurement precision can be improved greatly by using the algorithm of bilinear inter value. Finally, through the computer tracking experiment of uniaxial tension of the rubber band, the object template size of 11 × 7 and the search region of 21 × 17 are used to improve the computer calculating speed in the matching processing. The experimental results show that the object can be successfully tracked and the deformation evoluation of the rubber band are agree with the actual mechanics properties of materials.