Application of Hydrogel Biocomposites for Multiple Drug Delivery

Owonubi, Shesan John; Agwuncha, Stephen C.; Mukwevho, Emmanuel; Aderibigbe, B. A.; Sadiku, Rotimi; Biotidara, Olusesan Frank; Varaprasad, Kokkarachedu

doi:10.1002/9781119441632.ch110

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 184 publications

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“…Polymeric drugs are a class of drug rapidly emerging in pharmaceutical fields, in which the polymer itself acts as the active ingredient of the drug . It enables the simultaneous introduction of therapeutic substances into the body, overcoming many of the limitations of pure therapeutic substances . Due to its fascinating physical–chemical properties, ferrocene (Fc) with intrinsic enzyme activity has received great interest since the first report in 1955 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 It enables the simultaneous introduction of therapeutic substances into the body, overcoming many of the limitations of pure therapeutic substances. 12 Due to its fascinating physical−chemical properties, ferrocene (Fc) with intrinsic enzyme activity has received great interest since the first report in 1955. 13 It has been extensively studied in catalysis, sensing, and energy-related fields.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradable Porous Polymeric Drug with pH-Stimuli-Responsive Delivery Capacity for Combined Cancer Therapy

Lou

Fang

Wang

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Polymeric drugs are a class of drug in which the polymer itself acts as the active ingredient of the drug. Here, we constructed a biodegradable covalent organic porous polymer (COP), denoted as Fc-Ma, composed of clinical drug molecules, i.e., ferrocene (Fc) and D-mannitol (Ma) and pH-responsive acetal bonds. The coexistence of Fc and Ma brought special properties to Fc-Ma, which can be used directly as a polymeric drug integrating the performance of both components. Thus, this special COP features enzyme activity, which can catalyze the conversion of cellular H 2 O 2 to •OH through a Fenton-like reaction. As an artificial enzyme, Fc-Ma may overcome many of the limitations of natural enzymes with more pronounced catalytic activity in weakly acidic environments. Therefore, it enables the sufficient generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tumors and effectively kills tumor cells. Meanwhile, the intrinsic open porous skeleton coupled with the large specific surface areas (393 m 2 g −1 ) makes Fc-Ma an ideal carrier for other drugs. For example, it presents a doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) drug loading capacity of 64.4 ± 0.27%, compared with individual drugs; the acetal linkage endowed Fc-Ma with passive targeting, resulting in highly controlled drug delivery with selective and sustained release in acidic media, almost twice as much as that under neutral conditions. Hence, the tumor microenvironment can not only stimulate the generation of multiple ROS but also induce the passive targeted release of DOX, thereby ensuring the accumulation of drugs in the cancer sites, preventing the nonspecific distribution of drugs in the whole body and protecting renal tissues against DOX-induced nephrotoxicity. In summary, Fc-Ma-DOX exhibits significant synergistic actions of enzymatic therapy and chemotherapy, thus significantly improving the overall therapeutic effect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradable Porous Polymeric Drug with pH-Stimuli-Responsive Delivery Capacity for Combined Cancer Therapy

Lou

Fang

Wang

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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“…In recent times, drug delivery systems are made of natural components, or synthetic materials, such as: carbon nanotubes, silica nanostructures, synthetic hydroxyapatite beads and polyelectrolyte microcapsules gaining significant importance due to their potential benefits in numerous cell-based therapies, tissue engineering techniques, lenses manufacture, cancer therapy, diabetic therapy and drug delivery [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Hydrogels are of particular interest for drug delivery applications due to their ability to address targeted drug delivery, in addition to their good biocompatibility, tunable network structure needed to control the diffusion of drugs and their ability to imbibe drugs within their mesh network structure [8][9][10]. Graphene oxide (GO) has gained popularity for its biomedical advancements [11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity and in vitro evaluation of whey protein-based hydrogels for diabetes mellitus treatment

et al. 2019

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Obesity is the accumulation of excess body fat and the hallmark of type II diabetes mellitus, characterized by hyperglycemia. Glycemic control is very critical to reduce long-term vascular complications resulting from the progressive nature of hyperglycemia. In previous studies, thermally reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-based hydrogel biocomposites were prepared and in vitro drug release studies confirmed their potential as a biodegradable-targeted drug delivery system. Thus, the in vitro biological evaluation of these rGO-based hydrogels was investigated. The hydrogels were encapsulated with chloroquine diphosphate (CQ) and proguanil (P) drugs to investigate potential of combination therapy. The non-toxic nature of the hydrogels was investigated by the use of the MTT assay against 3T3-L1 and c2c12 cell lines. 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were grown, differentiated and treated with the drug-encapsulated hydrogels to detect the effect on the adipose tissue cells by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) identifying gene expression levels by utilizing gene markers specific for diabetes and obesity: cpt-1, glut-4, acc1, pgc-1, mef2a and nrf-1 with comparison to positive control metformin. The cytoxicity studies confirmed non-toxic nature of the hydrogels; identified dosage of drugs encapsulated were effective within investigated treatment time and qPCR revealed an upregulation of CPT-1, GLUT-4, PGC-1, MEF2A and NRF-1 marker genes, but a downregulation of ACC-1 marker gene. The results from the expression of investigated genes suggest the anti-obesity potential of drugs released from the hydrogels. There were identified positive effects employing combination therapy, but further studies are required to ascertain the actual effect of the drugs in combination, by further varying the ratios of drugs (instead of the presented 1:1 ratio) employed. Statistically, the results from the individual drug release treatments were not significantly different from positive control metformin treatments, but the combination therapy investigation showed more promise.

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