Application of HPLC Fingerprint Combined with Chemical Pattern Recognition and Multi-Component Determination in Quality Evaluation of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench

Abstract

Echinacea purpurea (EP) is a common medicinal material for extracting anti-RSV components. However, up to now, there has been no effective and simple method to comprehensively reflect the quality of EP. In our current study, the quality of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench samples from six different cultivation locations in China was evaluated by establishing a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint, combining chemical pattern recognition and multi-component determination. In this study, the chemical fingerprints of 15 common peaks were obtained using the similarity evaluation system of the chromatographic fingerprints of traditional Chinese medicine (2012A Edition). Among the 15 components, three phenolic acids (caftaric acid, chlorogenic acid and cichoric acid) were identified and determined. The similarity of fingerprints of 16 batches of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench samples ranged from 0.905 to 0.998. The similarity between fingerprints of five batches of commercially available Echinacea pupurea (L.) Moench and the standard fingerprint ”R” ranged from 0.980 to 0.997, which proved the successful establishment of the fingerprint. PCA and HCA were performed with the relative peak areas of 15 common peaks (peak 3 as the reference peak) as variables. Anhui and Shaanxi can be successfully distinguished from the other four cultivation areas. In addition, the index components of caftaric acid, chlorogenic acid and cichoric acid were in the range of 1.77–8.60 mg/g, 0.02–0.20 mg/g and 2.27–15.87 mg/g. The results of multi-component index content determination show that the contents of the Shandong cultivation area were higher, followed by Gansu, Henan and Hebei, and the lowest were Anhui and Shaanxi. The results are consistent with PCA and HCA, which proved that the quality of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench from different origins was different. HPLC fingerprint combined with chemical pattern recognition and multi-component content determination was a reliable, comprehensive and prospective method for evaluating the quality of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench. This method provides a scientific basis for the quality control and evaluation of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.

Determination of the Bioactive Compounds from Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench Leaves Extracts in Correlation with the Antimicrobial Activity and the In Vitro Wound Healing Potential

“…The test matrices included freeze-dried extracts obtained from the EPF as raw materials. The identification of the active compounds in the analyzed product was carried out by comparing the tr values of the recorded peaks with the individual reference standards recorded in the same chromatographic conditions, confirmed by other similar studies [38]. The predominant compounds identified are eluted as follows: caftaric acid (2064 min), chlorogenic acid (2734 min), caffeic acid (3907 min), echinacoside (12,869 min), and chicoric acid (24,943 min).…”

Systematic evaluation of Rutongshu oral liquid based on chromatographic fingerprinting and nontargeted metabolomic analysis

“…Recommended by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA), the chromatographic fingerprint data of the samples were evaluated using the "Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System for Traditional Chinese Medicine" (version 2012A) [38]. The correlation coefficients of the samples were computed and the similarities between the common chromatograms resulted from the individual chromatograms and the samples examined were analyzed.…”

Experimental design approach for the quantitative analysis of multicomponents by single marker and HPLC fingerprinting of Thunbergia laurifolia aqueous extract

“…Among the various chromatographic techniques, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the most commonly used method for authentication, as well as for ensuring the consistency and stability of herbal medicines. [17][18][19][20] Although chromatographic fingerprints offer valuable qualitative information, quantitative assessment based on quality markers remains essential for precise quality control. 21 Traditionally, quantitative analysis of herbal medicines has relied on the use of multiple reference substances through an external standard method (ESM).…”

“…Chromatographic fingerprinting techniques have emerged as valuable tools to address this challenge. Among the various chromatographic techniques, high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the most commonly used method for authentication, as well as for ensuring the consistency and stability of herbal medicines 17–20 . Although chromatographic fingerprints offer valuable qualitative information, quantitative assessment based on quality markers remains essential for precise quality control 21 .…”