Application of glycerol as carbon source for continuous drinking water denitrification using microorganism from natural biomass

Nitrate pollution of water resources is a global problem (Almasri, 2007). In some regions, the guideline values of groundwater and drinking water regulations are considerably exceeded in surface waters, but also in groundwater (Carrey et al., 2014). Several European Union member states, including Germany, were penalized by the European Court of Justice for non-compliance with the Nitrate Directive (European Court of Justice, 2010Justice, , 2018. However, further infringements and sanctions are to be expected. This contamination results mainly from anthropogenic N fertilizers used to increase agricultural productivity (Hosono et al., 2013). Excess N enters groundwater as NO 3 − . Due to a geogenic NO 3 − degradation capacity of most aquifers (sulfide minerals and organic C), part of the NO 3 − can be degraded (Rivett et al., 2008). Based on sulfide-S and organic C contents of the aquifer, groundwater recharge and NO 3 − concentration, the remaining time until a NO 3 − breakthrough to drinking water production wells may be calculated (e.g., Ortmeyer, Volkova, et al., 2021). Overall, a link between hydrologic and water quality models is important because including transit times can improve understanding of NO 3 − transport in aquifers (Hrachowitz et al., 2016). In the future, considerable increases in NO 3 − concentrations and NO 3 − breakthroughs to raw water wells are expected, as this degradation capacity is decreasing and finite (Knowles, 1982;Schwientek et al., 2017). Climate change is expected to enhance this deterioration of water resource quality and quantity (Fleck et al., 2017;Ortmeyer, Mas-Pla, et al., 2021). In addition to a decrease in groundwater recharge and a drop in water levels, Stuart et al. (2011) point to possible increasing rates of NO 3 − leaching under future climate scenarios. The thickness of the unsaturated zone is crucial for reaching NO 3 − peaks at the groundwater table (Wang et al., 2012). Nitrate storage in the vadose zone is also important, but often not considered in

show abstract

“…Likewise at 28°C, Schroeder et al. (2020) investigated the denitrification of different mixing ratios of glycerol and ethanol.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Denitrification Induced by Various Organic Substances—Reaction Rates, Microbiology, and Temperature Effect

Ortmeyer

Begerow

Guerreiro

et al. 2021

Water Resources Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Application of Citric acid for denitrification process support in biofilm reactor (Mielcarek et al, 2017) and application of glycerol as carbon source for continuous drinking water denitrification using microorganism from natural biomass (Schroeder et al, 2020) were investigate. Citric acid aiding the denitrification in AnSBBR was proved (Mielcarek et al, 2017).…”

Section: External Carbon Source From Acid/chemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on application of external carbon sources for denitrification for wastewater treatment

2022

Global NEST: The International Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

<p>With the increase in industrial and agricultural activities, huge amount of wastewater containing nitrogen is produced. Biological denitrification is currently the most widely used, sustainable and cost-effective process to remove nitrogen from wastewater. In biological denitrification, application of external carbon sources for denitrification is important because it is the way to boost the denitrification process and it is necessary for wastewater treatment plants that have to meet very stringent effluent nitrogen limits. This review study focused with treatment of wastewater using biological denitrification as advantages. This also deals with advantages of different external carbon sources with emphasis on biological denitrification as the cost of biological denitrification is controlled by the carbon source because the cost of biological denitrification is controlled by the carbon source.. Hence, use of alternative carbon sources such as agricultural wastes, and food waste is reviewed in this paper. This study recommend other waste material such as textile waste can be a part of denitrification because carbon source such as methanol, ethanol and acetic acid/acetate can be recovered from textile waste.</p>

show abstract

“…One of the most promising products is glycerol carbonate (4‐hydroxymethyl‐1, 3‐dioxolan‐2‐one, CAS #931‐40‐8) due to its excellent biodegradability, high boiling point, high flash point, low toxicity, and water solubility. Furthermore, it is known as a potential biobased chemical building block to synthesize polymers, such as polycarbonates, hyperbranched polyols, polyglycerol esters, and nonisocyanate polyurethanes which can be used in many applications 12,13 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it is known as a potential biobased chemical building block to synthesize polymers, such as polycarbonates, hyperbranched polyols, polyglycerol esters, and nonisocyanate polyurethanes which can be used in many applications. 12,13 Glycerol carbonate (GC) can be synthesized from glycerol via several routes such as carboxylation of glycerol with CO 2 and carbon monoxide which may not industrially possible due to very low conversion resulting in low GC yield. GC synthesis via glycerolysis of urea under vacuum (ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of CaO catalyst deactivation with unconventional monitoring method for glycerol carbonate production via transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate

Praikaew

Kiatkittipong

Najdanovic

et al. 2021

Intl J of Energy Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Glycerol carbonate (GC) was synthesized by transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) using calcium oxide (CaO) derived from eggshell as a catalyst. The best results of 96% glycerol conversion and 94% GC yield were achieved under the following reaction conditions: 0.08 mole ratio of CaO to glycerol, 1:2.5 mole ratio of glycerol to DMC, 60°C reaction temperature, and 3 hours reaction time. As expected, CaO showed deteriorated catalytic performance when recycling as observed by a rapid decrease in GC yield. This research showed that the active CaO phase first was converted to calcium methoxide (Ca[OCH3]2) and calcium diglyceroxide (Ca[C3H7O3]2) and finally to carbonate phase (CaCO3) which can be confirmed by XRD patterns. According to the phase transformation, the basicity decreased from 0.482 mmol/g to 0.023 mmol/g, and basic strength altered from strong basic strength (15.0 < H_ < 18.4) to weak basic strength (7.2 < H_ < 9.8), resulting in the lower catalytic activity of the consecutive runs. Despite the fact that the GC selectivity was almost 100%, the reaction products (methanol and GC) were not obtained in their stoichiometric ratio and their extents corresponded with that of the catalyst phase transformation to CaCO3. The mechanism of CaO catalyzed transesterification based on the condensation reaction of glycerol and catalyst was proposed, and in situ formation of water‐derivative species was hypothesized as a cause of CaO transformation. CaO could react with DMC and water, generating methanol and CaCO3. This enabled unconventional monitoring of catalyst deactivation by checking if the mole ratio of methanol to GC was higher than 2:1 of its reaction stoichiometric ratio. It was also demonstrated that calcination of post‐run catalyst at 900°C to CaO exhibited almost constant catalytic activity, and the mole ratio of methanol to GC was constant at its reaction stoichiometry (2:1) for at least 4 times use.

show abstract

Application of glycerol as carbon source for continuous drinking water denitrification using microorganism from natural biomass

Cited by 37 publications

References 41 publications

Comparison of Denitrification Induced by Various Organic Substances—Reaction Rates, Microbiology, and Temperature Effect

Comparison of Denitrification Induced by Various Organic Substances—Reaction Rates, Microbiology, and Temperature Effect

A review on application of external carbon sources for denitrification for wastewater treatment

Mechanism of CaO catalyst deactivation with unconventional monitoring method for glycerol carbonate production via transesterification of glycerol with dimethyl carbonate

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About