Application of giant magnetostrictive materials to positioning actuators

Nonlinear bending response of giant magnetostrictive laminated actuators in magnetic fields

“…For Terfenol-D, the constitutive relations can be written as Figure 1(a) shows several physical effects related to the magnetostrictive effect [Yamamoto et al 1999]. When a magnetic field is applied along the x 3 -direction (easy axis) of the magnetostrictive material, both the longitudinal (33) and transverse (31) magnetostrictive deformation modes are excited, as shown in Figure 1(b).…”

The use of active materials for machining processes: A review

“…Eda et al [117] also proposed the use of a magnetostrictive actuator with a stroke of 2 mm for precise machine tool positioning. The design was improved by compensating for the thermal expansion caused by the heat generation of the actuator [118] and by implementing a hybrid actuator consisting of piezoelectric and magnetostrictive actuators. The magnetostrictive actuator covered the lower frequency range while the piezoelectric actuator was used at much higher frequency ranges [119].…”

Variation of magneto‐mechanical properties in giant magnetostrictive composite materials

“…The advantages of materials with giant magnetostriction include the contactless energy supply, short-time response to the signal, and a high value of the magneto-mechanical coupling factor. The scope of applications of such materials, however, is restricted by several factors, including high material costs, the need to set the initial stress (pre-stress) r 0 in order to obtain a higher magnetostriction value, low corrosion resistance, and the generation of eddy currents and heat during operation under a high-frequency magnetic field [1][2][3].…”