Application of geographical information system for mapping/monitoring seismological hazards in Pakistan

Abstract

This study attempts to use the geographic information system (GIS) technique to map and understand the tectonics and crustal structures of Pakistan. Maps of surficial tectonic features and seismological parameters including Moho depth, P n velocity and P g velocity are complied. Based on the seismological data-set of the country the earthquake hazard map of Pakistan is also presented by applying regression technique on seismological, geological and topographical parameters. A case study of 8 October 2005 earthquake is used to validate the hazard map. It is envisaged that the developed GIS database would help policy-makers and scientists in natural hazard evaluation, seismic risk assessment and understanding of earthquake occurrences in Pakistan.

In-Plane Seismic Strengthening of Brick Masonry Using Steel and Plastic Meshes

“…Because Pakistan is located on the Indian plate beside the junction between the Eurasian and Indian plates, these plates have been slowly converging for millions of years, producing many faults. The most critical faults include the Main Karakorum thrust, Main mantle thrust, Main boundary thrust, Margalla, and Chaman faults [ 6 ].…”

“…Indeed, the same construction practices are followed all over the country [ 7 ]. Therefore, the demand for strengthening of these vulnerable structures increases day by day [ 6 , 8 ]. Many existing structures in Pakistan are built without following any national building code for masonry, as no such national provision exists for masonry structures [ 9 ].…”