Application of GEM-based detectors in full-field XRF imaging

Dąbrowski, W.; Fiutowski, T.; Frączek, Piotr; Koperny, S.; Lankosz, M.; Mendys, Agata; Mindur, B.; Świentek, K.; Wiącek, P.; Wróbel, Paweł

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/11/12/c12025

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The charge gain measured in all krypton based mixtures was above 6×10 3 , reaching a maximum of 1×10 4 in the Kr-CO 2 (90:10) mixture. These values are compatible with the Ar-CO 2 results [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Higher extraction fields could not be reached due to the increasing voltages that must be applied to the electrodes of the detector in order to keep all the remaining electric fields constant. However, for pure krypton, a decrease of the effective gain occurs when electric fields above 700 V×cm −1 are applied, providing a maximum near 4.7×10 3 . This behavior is not easily explained.…”

Section: Induction Field Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They were made from a 100 µm thick kapton foil and have a hole diameter and pitch of 100 µm and 200 µm, respectively. Previous works showed that gain charges of 3×10 3 and 10 4 were achieved in single and double stage configurations, respectively, using an Ar-CO 2 (70:30) mixture. These results are similar to the ones recorded using standard GEMs in the corresponding configurations, but presented higher robustness to sparking [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gain characteristics of a 100 μm thick GEM in Krypton-CO₂ mixtures

Roque¹,

Luz

Carramate

et al. 2017

J. Inst.

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The operation of a Micropattern Gaseous Detector (MPGD) comprising a cascade of two non-standard Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM) made from a 100 µm kapton foil was evaluated in pure krypton and in krypton-CO 2 mixtures. The final avalanche charge was collected in a 2D strip readout, providing an active area of 10×10 cm 2 for the entire detection system. For each mixture, the effective gain and energy resolution were measured as a function of the electric field in the drift, transfer and induction regions. Using X-rays from a 55 Fe radioactive source (5.9 keV), gains close to 10 4 and energy resolution of 22% (FWHM) were achieved in pure krypton under stable conditions, showing the potential of the experimental setup for the following imaging studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Induction Field Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gain characteristics of a 100 μm thick GEM in Krypton-CO₂ mixtures

Roque¹,

Luz

Carramate

et al. 2017

J. Inst.

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“…It is possible to use such technology not only to detect charged particles on these experiments but also γ and X‐ray radiation making these detectors good candidates for full‐field X‐ray fluorescence imaging. () It is well known that the energy resolution of gaseous detectors has limitations when compared with solid state detectors, due to the smaller number of electrons produced in each interaction, leading to higher statistical fluctuations in the primary cloud. Discussions about this are abundant in the literature and can be found, for example in Knoll.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of a triple‐GEM position sensitive detector for X‐ray fluorescence imaging

Souza¹,

Luz²

2019

X-Ray Spectrometry

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In this work, we characterized an X‐ray position sensitive gaseous detector based in a triple stack of gas electron multipliers. The readout circuit is divided in 256 strips for each dimension and using a resistive chain interconnecting the strips, we are able to reconstruct the radiation interaction points by resistive charge division. The detector achieved gains above 104, energy resolution of 15.28% (full width at half maximum) for 5.9 keV X‐rays, and position resolution of 1.2 mm, while operating in Ar/CO2(90/10) at atmospheric pressure.

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“…The cone of "light" emitted by the X-ray source and the shadows created in the bottom part of each coin can be seen. To reduce such effects, a setup similar to the one used by [88], with two different X-ray sources, can be used in the future.…”

Section: Scalable Readout System -Srsmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-Ray fluorescence imaging system based on Thick-GEM detectors

Souza¹

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AgradecimentosEste trabalho recebeu apoio financeiro da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, com a bolsa FAPESP 2017/00426-9.My sincere thanks to the whole GDD lab at CERN, in special Leszek Ropelewski, Eraldo Oliveri, Patrik Thuiner and Florian Brunbauer.Gostaria de agradecer primeiramente ao professor Alexandre Suaide, por me introduzir ao grupo e pela ajuda nos mais diversos assuntos. À professora Marcia Rizzuto e à minha amiga Hellen Santos, pelo interesse nesse trabalho e troca de informações.Aos professores Marco Bregant, Marcelo Munhoz, Nelson Carlin, Tiago Fiorini, Mauro Cosentino e Zwinglio Guimarães pelas ideias e sugestões, tornando esse trabalho muito mais completo.Ao meu orientador e amigo, Hugo Natal da Luz, pelos ensinamentos, conselhos e paciência. Aos amigos que fiz durante a graduação e o mestrado, pela diversão, aprendizado e companhia durante todos esse anos. Um agradecimento especial aos amigos do grupo, Henrique, Milton, Camila, Chiara, Thais e Lucas. À minha familia, meus pais, Marco Aurélio e Maria Cabrine, e meu irmão Ramon, por toda confiança e suporte. Vocês são os melhores exemplos para mim. À Mayumi, pelo carinho e por estar ao meu lado nos melhores e piores momentos."All we have to decide is what to do with the time that is given us." -J.R.R. Tolkien, The Lord of The Rings Abstract GEMs (Gas Electron Multiplier) and Thick-GEMs (Thick-Gas Electron Multiplier) are MPGDs (Micropattern Gas Detector) that make part of the new generation of gaseous detectors, allowing high counting rates, low cost when compared to solid state detectors, high radiation hardness and gain when using multiple structures. Besides that, the handling and maintenance of these detectors is relatively simple, being versatile to detect different types of radiation. Therefore, these detectors are an effective alternative to build imaging systems with large sensitive area. This work consists in the study and characterization of a set of gaseous detectors, more specifically the Thick-GEMs produced in the High Energy Physics and Instrumentation Center at IFUSP, which were tested showing promising results in terms of gain, energy resolution and operational stability. However, due to the low signal-to-noise ratio of the Thick-GEMs, the X-ray fluorescence imaging system was mounted using GEMs. During this work the necessary software tools for image processing and reconstruction were developed as a parallel study in computational simulations to better understand the operation of gaseous detectors.X-ray fluorescence techniques are essential in areas such as medicine and the study of historical and cultural heritage since they are non-invasive and non-destructive. Techniques to check the authenticity of masterpieces are required and museums are gradually becoming more interested in the Physics and instrumentation needed to characterize their patrimony.

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Application of GEM-based detectors in full-field XRF imaging

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Gain characteristics of a 100 μm thick GEM in Krypton-CO₂ mixtures

Gain characteristics of a 100 μm thick GEM in Krypton-CO₂ mixtures

Characterization of a triple‐GEM position sensitive detector for X‐ray fluorescence imaging

X-Ray fluorescence imaging system based on Thick-GEM detectors

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Application of GEM-based detectors in full-field XRF imaging

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Gain characteristics of a 100 μm thick GEM in Krypton-CO2 mixtures

Gain characteristics of a 100 μm thick GEM in Krypton-CO2 mixtures

Characterization of a triple‐GEM position sensitive detector for X‐ray fluorescence imaging

X-Ray fluorescence imaging system based on Thick-GEM detectors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Gain characteristics of a 100 μm thick GEM in Krypton-CO₂ mixtures

Gain characteristics of a 100 μm thick GEM in Krypton-CO₂ mixtures