Application of gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry to determine a wide range of petrogenic alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biotic samples

Sørensen, Lisbet; Meier, Sonnich; Mjøs, Svein A.

doi:10.1002/rcm.7688

Cited by 54 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Spike and calibration standards were prepared by dilution in n -hexane or, for body burden analysis, in a matrix extract of unexposed haddock and cod eggs [31]. Details on all analytes are compiled in S1 Table.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Target PAH analytes were identified by two unique multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions and quantified by the most intense peak [32]. Alkyl PAH clusters were determined by MRM using transitions from the molecular ion, as described previously in Sørensen et al [31]. Calibration tandards were run daily to monitor system performance and a variation of no more than 25% was accepted.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calibration tandards were run daily to monitor system performance and a variation of no more than 25% was accepted. Method performance characteristics are reported in Sørensen et al [31, 32]. Alkanes were measured by GC-MS/MS using MRM transitions 99 + → 57 + and 127 + → 85 + .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is due, in part, to the need for large samples masses (1–10 g wet weight) to achieve the instrumental detection limits [29, 30], particularly for samples that contain low PAH concentrations. Recently, methodologies were developed for the analysis of trace amounts of both parent and a wide range of alkylated PAHs in small (< 0.1 g) tissue samples [31, 32]. These methods enable the determination of total PAH body burden in fish egg samples from low dose exposure experiments using as little as 100 individuals or less per sample.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oil droplet fouling and differential toxicokinetics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in embryos of Atlantic haddock and cod

et al. 2017

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The impact of crude oil pollution on early life stages (ELS) of fish, including larvae and embryos, has received considerable attention in recent years. Of the organic components present in crude oil, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered the main class of compounds responsible for toxic effects in marine organisms. Although evidence suggests that they are more toxic, alkylated PAHs remain much less studied than their unsubstituted congeners. Recently, it was established that embryos of Atlantic haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) are particularly sensitive to dispersed crude oil, and it was hypothesized that this was caused by direct interaction with crude oil droplets, which adhered to the chorion of exposed embryos. Such a phenomenon would increase the potential for uptake of less water-soluble compounds, including alkylated PAHs. In the current study, we compared the uptake of parent and alkylated PAHs in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock embryos exposed to dispersed crude oil at a range of environmentally relevant concentrations (10–600 μg oil/liter seawater). Although the species are biologically very similar, the cod chorion does not become fouled with oil droplets, even when the two species are exposed to dispersions of crude oil droplets under similar conditions. A close correlation between the degree of fouling and toxicological response (heart defects, craniofacial malformation) was observed. Oil droplet fouling in haddock led to both quantitative and qualitative differences in PAH uptake. Finally, kinetic data on a large suite of PAHs showed differential elimination, suggesting differential metabolism of unsubstituted versus alkylated compounds.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oil droplet fouling and differential toxicokinetics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in embryos of Atlantic haddock and cod

et al. 2017

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“…Recently, GC/MS/MS techniques using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) have been reported for the quantitation of APACs . Under product‐ion scanning conditions, John et al first reported on the mass spectral fragmentation behavior of seven commercially available alkylated chrysenes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of a simultaneous method for determining polycyclic aromatic compounds and alkylated isomers in biota

Idowu

Francisco

Thomas

et al. 2018

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Understanding the relative performance of SCAN, SIM, PMRM and MRM methods for quantifying polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in crude oil samples

Han

Yin

John

et al. 2020

Rapid Comm Mass Spectrometry

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Rationale: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in oil spill samples are analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS) using four different methods: (1) full scan (SCAN), (2) selected ion monitoring (SIM), (3) multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), and (4) pseudo multiple reaction monitoring (PMRM). This study quantifies the relative performance of these methods. Methods:Novel experiments were designed to measure the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios of all four methods. This was accomplished by spiking the crude oil with five deuterated PAHs (dPAHs) in two distinct ways: (1) varying the background noise by changing crude oil concentrations before spiking the samples with 1 ng/mL of dPAHs, and (2) varying the signal by spiking dPAHs concentrations of 0.5 and 5 ng/mL into a crude oil sample. Results:The MRM method is the most selective and sensitive of the four methods. It also provides the lowest limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ).MRM is the optimal approach for quantifying PAHs in complex petroleum samples containing high levels of background noise. Also, our data show that the PAHs in complex oil spill samples can be quantified by MRM without using any complicated sample preparation steps. Conclusions:Based on our experimental data, the relative performance of the four methods used for quantifying PAHs in crude oil samples can be ranked as MRM > PMRM > SIM > SCAN.

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Application of gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry to determine a wide range of petrogenic alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biotic samples

Cited by 54 publications

References 19 publications

Oil droplet fouling and differential toxicokinetics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in embryos of Atlantic haddock and cod

Oil droplet fouling and differential toxicokinetics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in embryos of Atlantic haddock and cod

Validation of a simultaneous method for determining polycyclic aromatic compounds and alkylated isomers in biota

Understanding the relative performance of SCAN, SIM, PMRM and MRM methods for quantifying polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in crude oil samples

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