Application of Fractal Dimension and Texture Analysis to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Treatment of a Venous Lake in the Oral Mucosa Using a 980 nm Diode Laser—A Preliminary Study

Trafalski, Mateusz; Kozakiewicz, Marcin; Jurczyszyn, Kamil

doi:10.3390/ma14154140

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Contrast as a texture feature of oral mucosal images has been used previously [ 54 ]. Pathological solid keratinous masses blur the microcontrast structure of the mucosal surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractal Dimension and Texture Analysis of Lesion Autofluorescence in the Evaluation of Oral Lichen Planus Treatment Effectiveness

et al. 2021

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Background: Oral Lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease. Topical steroids are used as the treatment of choice. The alternative is photodynamic therapy (PDT). The study aimed to fabricate optimal biodegradable matrices for methylene blue or triamcinolone acetonide because of a lack of currently commercially available carriers that could adhere to the mucous. Methods: The study was designed as a 12-week single-blind prospective randomized clinical trial with 30 patients, full contralateral split-mouth design. Matrices for steroid and photosensitizer and laser device were fabricated. Fractal and texture analysis of photographs, taken in 405, 450, 405 + 450 nm wavelength, of lesions was performed to increase the objectivity of the assessment of treatment. Results: We achieved two total responses for treatment in case of steroid therapy and one in the case of PDT. Partial response was noted in 17 lesions treated using local steroid therapy and 21 in the case of PDT. No statistically significant differences were found between the effectiveness of both used methods. Statistically significant differences in fractal dimension before and after treatment were observed only in the analysis of photographs taken in 405 + 450 nm wavelength. Conclusions: Photodynamic therapy and topical steroid therapy are effective methods for treating OLP. Using a carrier offers the possibility of a more predictable and effective method of drug delivery into the mucous membrane. Autofluorescence enables the detection of lesions especially at the early stage of their development.

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“…Contrast as a texture feature of oral mucosal images has been used previously [ 54 ]. Pathological solid keratinous masses blur the microcontrast structure of the mucosal surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractal Dimension and Texture Analysis of Lesion Autofluorescence in the Evaluation of Oral Lichen Planus Treatment Effectiveness

et al. 2021

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“…This algorithm allowed us to analyze 8-bit monochromatic images. It was fully described in our previous study [ 35 ]. In this method, the analyzed image is divided into boxes like compartments in the classical counting box method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractal Dimension Analysis of Melanocytic Nevi and Melanomas in Normal and Polarized Light—A Preliminary Report

Popecki

Kozakiewicz

Ziętek

et al. 2022

Life

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Clinical diagnosis of pigmented lesions can be a challenge in everyday practice. Benign and dysplastic nevi and melanomas may have similar clinical presentations, but completely different prognoses. Fractal dimensions of shape and texture can describe the complexity of the pigmented lesion structure. This study aims to apply fractal dimension analysis to differentiate melanomas, dysplastic nevi, and benign nevi in polarized and non-polarized light. A total of 87 Eighty-four patients with 97 lesions were included in this study. All examined lesions were photographed under polarized and non-polarized light, surgically removed, and examined by a histopathologist to establish the correct diagnosis. The obtained images were then processed and analyzed. Area, perimeter, and fractal dimensions of shape and texture were calculated for all the lesions under polarized and non-polarized light. The fractal dimension of shape in polarized light enables differentiating melanomas, dysplastic nevi, and benign nevi. It also makes it possible to distinguish melanomas from benign and dysplastic nevi under non-polarized light. The fractal dimension of texture allows distinguishing melanomas from benign and dysplastic nevi under polarized light. All examined parameters of shape and texture can be used for developing an automatic computer-aided diagnosis system. Polarized light is superior to non-polarized light for imaging texture details.

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“…They are usually soft, and when compressed, they tend to disappear and are frequent in areas exposed to the sun. These alterations result from the growth of thin veins surrounded by fibrous tissue [ 1 - 3 ]. In the oral cavity, they are well-demarcated, asymptomatic, soft, purple or dark blue, usually measuring less than 10 mm, and mainly in the red lip zone and the ventral tongue surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The formation mechanism is not well known but age is the most likely cause of these lesions since they are more frequent in people over 50 years old. These lesions lead to esthetic concerns and also doubt of malignancy, making patients seek professional advice [ 1 , 4 - 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of the Right Protocol in Using a Diode Laser (980 nm) for Small Oral Vascular Malformation Treatment

Vidor¹,

Azevedo²,

Freitas³

2023

Cureus

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Small vascular anomalies are commonly present on the lips and other areas of the oral mucosa. These lesions are also known as venous lake lesions, and they can be treated in many ways with surgical and non-surgical methods. Laser is an arising technique for this type of procedure and its use has been growing in dental practices in the last years. The technique that uses the diode laser delivers the energy in a non-contact treatment, leading to the coagulation of the lesion in a minimally invasive manner, and for this reason, there is less chance of developing scar formation. In this report, a 56-year-old female patient had a vascular lesion on her lower lip measuring about 3.0 mm in diameter. The patient reported having it for more than 10 years. A first approach using a high-power diode laser had already been done but with no success. At this time, the diode laser was used under local anesthesia, with a flexible quartz fiber held 2 to 3 mm from the lesion, using the continuous wave mode set, 1.0 W of power for 10 seconds, with an interval of 30 seconds to prevent heat damage to the adjacent tissue. The laser was applied until the lesion appeared white and with evidence of shrinkage. In this case, two rounds of irradiation were done. After a 30-day follow-up, the lesion was repaired with no signs of scars on the lip. The diode laser is an effective technique for treating this type of lesion, with many advantages, such as providing coagulation, excellent healing, no postoperative complication, and no need for suturing. Besides all, it is also a low-cost procedure, small lesions usually require only one appointment, and this treatment is also better accepted by the patients.

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Application of Fractal Dimension and Texture Analysis to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Treatment of a Venous Lake in the Oral Mucosa Using a 980 nm Diode Laser—A Preliminary Study

Cited by 11 publications

References 43 publications

Fractal Dimension and Texture Analysis of Lesion Autofluorescence in the Evaluation of Oral Lichen Planus Treatment Effectiveness

Fractal Dimension and Texture Analysis of Lesion Autofluorescence in the Evaluation of Oral Lichen Planus Treatment Effectiveness

Fractal Dimension Analysis of Melanocytic Nevi and Melanomas in Normal and Polarized Light—A Preliminary Report

Importance of the Right Protocol in Using a Diode Laser (980 nm) for Small Oral Vascular Malformation Treatment

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