Application of forward osmosis on dewatering of high nutrient sludge

Nguyen, Nguyen Cong; Chen, Shiao‐Shing; Yang, Hung-Yin; Hau, Nguyen Thi

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2013.01.028

Cited by 118 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This indicates that TDS of the concentrated sewage may be accumulated up to 32 g/L. The calculation is consistent with a recent study, in which FO was proven to be feasible to concentrate activated sludge solution up to 28.5 g/L within 28 h using a 3.6% NaCl solution as the draw solution [30]. Hence, it can be concluded that the osmotic pressure of the 3.5% NaCl solution (seawater) is high enough to be used as the driving force for concentration of sewage by FO membrane.…”

Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 91%

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Processing municipal wastewaters by forward osmosis using CTA membrane

Zhang

Ning

Wang

et al. 2014

Journal of Membrane Science

109

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Direct sewage filtration by forward osmosis (FO) was investigated with the aim of concentrating organic matters in sewage into a small volume of energy source. The results showed that chemical oxidation demand (COD) in the feed sewage solution was concentrated by more than 300%. Although a gradual decline in membrane flux with filtration time occurred, a flux of 3-7.4 L m -2 h -1 was still produced satisfactorily. The membrane flux decline was caused by both membrane fouling and the decline of osmotic driving force due to the salinity change in both feed solution and draw solution. The membrane fouling analysis indicated that the fouling was mainly attributed to the formation of cake layer on the membrane surface in both membrane orientation, the active layer facing the feed side (AL-FS) and the active layer facing the draw solution side (AL-DS). However, AL-FS outperformed AL-DS in terms of membrane flux and fouling. This study may offer new insight into the development of lowenergy wastewater treatment processes and energy recovery. 2 HighlightsOrganic matters in sewage can be effectively concentrated to small volume by FO.Membrane flux decline is caused by both membrane fouling and the decline of osmotic driving force.Cake layer is the dominant contributor to the membrane fouling.This study offers new insight into the development of low-energy wastewater treatment.

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Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 91%

“…For instance, a rejection rate of dissolved organic carbons as high as 99% was reported in previous study by the CTA membrane [30]. In another study using municipal wastewater as feed solution, a TOC rejection rate of higher than 97% was achieved [31].…”

Section: Accumulation Of Organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 79%

Processing municipal wastewaters by forward osmosis using CTA membrane

Zhang

Ning

Wang

et al. 2014

Journal of Membrane Science

109

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“…A variety of draw solutions have been explored for FO applications, such as naturally available ocean water [11], brine from desalination plants [12], thermolytic salt ammonium bicarbonate and various simple electrolytes (e.g., NaCl and MgCl 2 ) [13]. Among these, the use of desalination brine for algae dewatering is very promising because (1) it is usually viewed as an unwanted residue and thus cheap; (2) it contains a significant amount of osmotic energy due to its very high salinity; (3) disposal of large quantities of brine can be very costly and there is an increasing concern over the adverse environmental and ecological impacts of brine disposal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae (Scenedesmus obliquus) dewatering using forward osmosis membrane: Influence of draw solution chemistry

Larronde-Larretche

Jin

2016

Algal Research

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“…Osmotic dilution has demonstrated its robustness and effectiveness for treating low quality, impaired waters, such as digested sludge [9][10][11][12], sewage [13][14][15][16][17], and produced water from oil and gas exploration [18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Osmotic dilution for sustainable greenwall irrigation by liquid fertilizer: Performance and implications

Xie

Zhang

Cooper

et al. 2015

Journal of Membrane Science

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A novel osmotic dilution process using commercial liquid fertilizer for greenwall irrigation was evaluated. In this process, clean water was extracted from raw sewage by forward osmosis (FO) using a well-balanced, allpurpose commercial liquid fertilizer as draw solution. The diluted liquid fertilizer can then be used for direct sustainable greenwall irrigation. Our results show that the presence of organic matter in the liquid fertilizer draw solution did not compromise FO membrane performance. No discernible changes in water flux and key membrane transport parameters (pure water permeability coefficient, A, and salt (NaCl) permeability coefficient, B) were observed when the organic matter concentration in the draw solution was increased to 2000. mg/L. Parameters influencing the osmotic dilution process were examined in terms of reverse salt flux, liquid fertilizer concentration, cross-flow rate, and feed and liquid fertilizer draw solution temperatures. The reverse flux of phosphate was much lower compared to those of ammonium and potassium as the reverse flux of these solutes were proportionally related to their hydrated radii. Cross-flow rate had no discernible impact on either water flux or reverse nutrient transport. Water and reverse nutrient fluxes increased markedly with increasing temperature, driven by higher water and solute diffusivities. More than 80% water recovery was achieved by osmotic dilution using raw sewage feed. Water production was stable and not affected by deposition of organic matter on the membrane surface. By contrast, reverse nutrient diffusion was hindered due to enhanced steric hindrance. Results reported here have significant environmental implications. Extracting clean water from raw sewage by commercial liquid fertilizers harnesses unique FO mass transfer phenomena and balances greenwall nutrient requirement, thereby sustaining the greenwall irrigation process. AbstractA novel osmotic dilution process using commercial liquid fertilizer for greenwall irrigation was evaluated. In this process, clean water was extracted from raw sewage by forward osmosis (FO) using a well-balanced, all-purpose commercial liquid fertilizer as a draw solution. The diluted liquid fertilizer can then be used for direct sustainable greenwall irrigation. Our results show that the presence of organic matter in the liquid fertilizer draw solution did not compromise FO membrane performance. No discernible changes in water flux and key membrane transport parameters (pure water permeability coefficient, A, and salt (NaCl) permeability coefficient B) were observed when the organic matter concentration in the draw solution was increased to 2,000 mg/L. Parameters influencing the osmotic dilution process were examined in terms of reverse salt flux, liquid fertilizer concentration, cross-flow rate, and feed and liquid fertilizer draw solution temperatures. The reverse flux of phosphate was much lower compared to those of ammonium and potassium as the reverse flux of these solutes were proportionally relat...

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Application of forward osmosis on dewatering of high nutrient sludge

Cited by 118 publications

References 26 publications

Processing municipal wastewaters by forward osmosis using CTA membrane

Processing municipal wastewaters by forward osmosis using CTA membrane

Microalgae (Scenedesmus obliquus) dewatering using forward osmosis membrane: Influence of draw solution chemistry

Osmotic dilution for sustainable greenwall irrigation by liquid fertilizer: Performance and implications

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