Application of Extrusion-Based Hydrogel Bioprinting for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

You, Fei; Eames, B. Frank; Chen, Daniel

doi:10.3390/ijms18071597

“…Such fabrication requires biocompatible bioink to maintain a hydrated environment essential for cell survival (Rajaram et al, 2014). Over the last decade, several hydrogel precursors have been investigated to develop suitable bioinks for extrusion-based systems (You et al, 2017). Seaweed-derived sodium alginate is a potential bioink for fabricating cell-incorporated 3D structures with remarkable geometric precision (Rajaram et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of crosslinking on the mechanical behavior of 3D printed alginate scaffolds: Experimental and numerical approaches

Naghieh

¹

,

Karamooz-Ravari

²

,

Sarker

³

et al. 2018

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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Tissue scaffolds fabricated by three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting are attracting considerable attention for tissue engineering applications. Because the mechanical properties of hydrogel scaffolds should match the damaged tissue, changing various parameters during 3D bioprinting has been studied to manipulate the mechanical behavior of the resulting scaffolds. Crosslinking scaffolds using a cation solution (such as CaCl 2 ) is also important for regulating the mechanical properties, but has not been well documented in the literature. Here, the effect of varied crosslinking agent volume and crosslinking time on the mechanical behavior of 3D bioplotted alginate scaffolds was evaluated using both experimental and numerical methods. Compression tests were used to measure the elastic modulus of each scaffold, then a finite element model was developed and a power model used to predict scaffold mechanical behavior. Results showed that crosslinking time and volume of crosslinker both play a decisive role in modulating the mechanical properties of 3D bioplotted scaffolds. Because mechanical properties of scaffolds can affect cell response, the findings of this study can be implemented to modulate the elastic modulus of scaffolds according to the intended application.

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“…It means that by increasing the penetration, a scaffold with a rigid structure and high mechanical stability is obtained. It should be noted the penetration between layers is an important index to measure the printability of hydrogels (i.e., alginate in the present study) in 3D bioplotting, which is defined as the ability of a hydrogel to form and maintain a 3D structure and characterized by the difference between the printed scaffold structure and the designed one [30,31]. Lager penetration suggests the bigger difference between the printed structure and designed one, thus poorer printability of the hydrogel.…”

Section: Some More Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Modeling of the Mechanical Behavior of 3D Bioplotted Scaffolds Considering the Penetration in Interlocked Strands

Naghieh

¹

,

Sarker

²

,

Karamooz-Ravari

³

et al. 2018

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Three-dimensional (3D) bioplotting has been widely used to print hydrogel scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. One issue involved in 3D bioplotting is to achieve the scaffold structure with the desired mechanical properties. To overcome this issue, various numerical methods have been developed to predict the mechanical properties of scaffolds, but limited by the imperfect representation of one key feature of scaffolds fabricated by 3D bioplotting, i.e., the penetration or fusion of strands in one layer into the previous layer. This paper presents our study on the development of a novel numerical model to predict the elastic modulus (one important index of mechanical properties) of 3D bioplotted scaffolds considering the aforementioned strand penetration. For this, the finite element method was used for the model development, while medium-viscosity alginate was selected for scaffold fabrication by the 3D bioplotting technique. The elastic modulus of the bioplotted scaffolds was characterized using mechanical testing and results were compared with those predicted from the developed model, demonstrating a strong congruity between them. Once validated, the developed model was also used to investigate the effect of other geometrical features on the mechanical behavior of bioplotted scaffolds. Our results show that the penetration, pore size, and number of printed layers have significant effects on the elastic modulus of bioplotted scaffolds; and also suggest that the developed model can be used as a powerful tool to modulate the mechanical behavior of bioplotted scaffolds.

show abstract

“…It should be noted the penetration between layers is an important index to measure the printability of hydrogels (i.e., alginate in the present study) in 3D bioplotting, which is defined as the ability of a hydrogel to form and maintain a 3D structure and characterized b y the difference between the printed scaffold structure and the designed one [30,31]. Lager penetration suggests the bigger difference between the printed structure and designed one, thus poorer printability of the hydrogel.…”

Section: Some More Simulation Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Modeling of the Mechanical Behavior of 3D Bioplotted Scaffolds Considering the Penetration in Interlocked Strands

Naghieh¹,

Sarker²,

Karamooz-Ravari³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Three-dimensional (3D) bioplotting has been widely used to print hydrogel scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. One issue involved in 3D bioplotting is to achieve the scaffold structure with the desired mechanical properties. To overcome this issue, various numerical methods have been developed to predict the mechanical properties of scaffolds, but limited by the imperfect representation of one key feature of scaffolds fabricated by 3D bioplotting, i.e., the penetration or fusion of strands in one layer into the previous layer. This paper presents our study on the development of a novel numerical model to predict the elastic modulus (one important index of mechanical properties) of 3D bioplotted scaffolds considering the aforementioned strand penetration. For this, the finite element method was used for the model development, while medium-viscosity alginate was selected for scaffold fabrication by the 3D bioplotting technique. The elastic modulus of the bioplotted scaffolds was characterized using mechanical testing and results were compared with those predicted from the developed model, demonstrating a strong congruity between them. Once validated, the developed model was also used to investigate the effect of other geometrical features on the mechanical behavior of bioplotted scaffolds. Our results show that the penetration, pore size, and number of printed layers have significant effects on the elastic modulus of bioplotted scaffolds; and also suggest that the developed model can be used as a powerful tool to modulate the mechanical behavior of bioplotted scaffolds.

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Application of Extrusion-Based Hydrogel Bioprinting for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

Cited by 146 publications

References 183 publications

Influence of crosslinking on the mechanical behavior of 3D printed alginate scaffolds: Experimental and numerical approaches

Influence of crosslinking on the mechanical behavior of 3D printed alginate scaffolds: Experimental and numerical approaches

Modeling of the Mechanical Behavior of 3D Bioplotted Scaffolds Considering the Penetration in Interlocked Strands

Modeling of the Mechanical Behavior of 3D Bioplotted Scaffolds Considering the Penetration in Interlocked Strands

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