“…In this sense, Keller–Segel problems from mathematical biology may involve nonlinear diffusion and external actions. Moreover, there are recent development in numerical techniques for solving various models arising in applied sciences and engineering, such as Volterra integro-differential equations of pantograph-delay type, 15 Telegraph equations, 16 linear complex differential equations, 17 systems of high-order Fredholm integro-differential equations, 18,19 nonlinear fractional Volterra integro-differential equations, 20 systems of high-order linear differential–difference equations, 21 system of linear Volterra integral equations with variable coefficients, 22 second-order hyperbolic partial differential equation, 23 nonlinear stochastic Itô-Volterra integral equations, 24 and nonlocal reaction chemotaxis model. 25…”