“…Stochastic techniques have been used in the petroleum engineering including Genetic algorithms (Carter and Ballester, 2004;Erbas and Christie, 2007;Romero et al, 2000), Population-Based Incremental Learning (Petrovska and Carter, 2006), Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (Mohamed et al, 2009), Evolutionary Strategies (Schulze-Riegert et al, 2001;Schulze-Riegert and Ghedan, 2007), Ant Colony Optimisation Jalali-Farahani, 2008a, 2008b;Hajizadeh et al,2009a), Differential Evolution (Jahangiri, 2007;Hajizadeh et al, 2009b), and Neighbourhood Algorithm (Christie et al, 2002;Subbey et al, 2004;Rotondi et al, 2006). Currently some innovative global optimisation approaches have gained popularity in research among oil companies for tackling history matching problems like evolutionary algorithms, swarm intelligence techniques and others.…”