Application of Desert Date (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Balanites aegyptiaca&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;) Seed Oil as Potential Raw Material in the Formulation of Soap and Lotion

Zang, Charity Uren; Jock, Alexander Asanja; Garba, Hassan Ibrahim; Chindo, Yarkasuwa Istifanus

doi:10.4236/ajac.2018.99033

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The implications of these findings were further discussed. The oil yield obtained was 45.62% which was similar to findings by Ogala et al (2018) and Zang et al (2018) who reported yields of range 35 % to 46 %. Also, Chapagain and Wiesman (2011) reported that the general yield of B. aegyptiaca range from 30 % to 50 % regardless of the extraction method used.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Extraction, Characterization and Determination of Physicochemical Properties of Biodiesel obtained from Desert Date (Balanites aegyptiaca) Seed Oil

Usman¹,

Ibrahim²,

Agbaji³

2022

jasem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biodiesel is a domestically produced, clean-burning, renewable substitute for petroleum diesel. Using biodiesel as a vehicle fuel increases energy security, improves air quality and the environment, and provides safety benefits. . This study extracted, characterized and determined the physicochemical properties of biodiesel produced from Desert date (B. aegyptiaca) seed oil using Soxhlet extraction method with n-hexane as the extraction solvent. The oil obtained was characterized using FTIR and GC-MS analyses and its physicochemical properties determined. The oil obtained was subsequently transesterified using methanol and KOH catalyst. The obtained biodiesel was characterized and its physicochemical properties determined. The result showed that B. aegyptiaca seed oil had density of 0.9 g/cm3, viscosity of 6 cSt at 40 0C and viscosity of 2.5 cSt at 100 0C. The cloud and pour points of the oil was 21 and 9 0C respectively. The oil comprised of eleven fatty acids; predominantly linoleic acid (21.88 %), vaccenic acid (13.90 %) and palmitic acid (10.96 %). The biodiesel had density of 0.88 g/cm3, kinematic viscosity of 4.2 cSt, cloud and pour points of 16 0C and 7 0C respectively. The biodiesel also had free fatty acid (FFA) of 0.79 %, iodine value of 42 mgI2/100g and saponification value of 176. The biodiesel primarily consisted of 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid methyl ester (45.46 %), Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester (20.12 %), Butyl-9,12-Octadecadienoate (12.43 %) and Heptadecanoic acid-16-methyl ester (10.43 %). The properties obtained for the biodiesel were comparable to those of biodiesels reported in literature and thus, shows remarkable potentials to be used as substitute to fossil-based diesel fuel.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Extraction, Characterization and Determination of Physicochemical Properties of Biodiesel obtained from Desert Date (Balanites aegyptiaca) Seed Oil

Usman¹,

Ibrahim²,

Agbaji³

2022

jasem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…51 The moisture content and density were 0.491% and 0.9083 g/cm 3 , respectively. The low moisture content indicates the stability of oil reducing microbial activities 52 as well as reduced soap formation tendency as the presence of water inhibits transesterification. 53 The lower density shows the presence of low molecular weight fatty acids.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

NaOH-Catalyzed Methanolysis Optimization of Biodiesel Synthesis from Desert Date Seed Kernel Oil

Mekonnen

Sendekie

2021

ACS Omega

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biodiesel synthesis from non-edible vegetable oil via catalytic transesterification is one of the effective ways to replace petroleum-based fuels in the area of renewable energy development and is beneficial to environmental security. Therefore, this research investigates the optimization of process parameters (temperature, methanol to oil ratio, and NaOH catalyst dose) for the conversion of biodiesel from non-edible desert date (Balanites Aegyptiaca) seed kernel oil using the Box–Behnken experimental design of response surface methodology statistical analysis. Accordingly, the optimum values of reaction conditions, namely, a temperature of 60.5 °C, methanol to oil ratio of 6.7:1, and catalyst dose of 0.79 %wt, yielded 93.16% biodiesel. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the cracking of a single glycerol backbone from the triglycerides and the substitution by methoxyl in the presence of a NaOH catalyst. The physicochemical properties of the biodiesel were investigated and compared with standards in terms of its density, viscosity, higher heating value, acid value, saponification value, cetane number, cloud point, pour point, and flash point, and the values are within the recommended standard limits of American Standard for Testing Material (ASTM D6751) and European Committee for Standardization (EN14214). Thus, the results revealed that homogeneous base catalysis of non-edible oil under optimum reaction conditions provides high yield of biodiesel.

show abstract

“…Oil has been extracted from B. aegyptiaca seed giving different yields when different extraction techniques are used, for instance, Ogala et al (2018) reported a yield of 36.5 % when Soxhlet extraction technique is used and when n-hexane is the extraction solvent. Zang et al (2018) on the other hand reported a yield of 45.32 % when a mixture of mechanical and Soxhlet extraction methods were used. However, Chapagain and Wiesman (2011) reported that the general yield of oil from B. aegyptiaca ranged from 30 % to 50 % regardless of the extraction method used.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Biolubricants from Balanites aegyptiaca Seed Oil via Epoxidation and Double Transesterification Techniques

Usman¹,

Ibrahim²,

Agbaji³

2023

jasem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, Balanites aegyptiaca seed oil was extracted from the ground seed using the Soxhlet extraction method with n-hexane as the extraction solvent to produce two biolubricants; one via epoxidation to produce Balanites aegyptiaca Lubricant (BAB-E) and the other via transesterification with trimethylolpropane to produce Balanites aegyptiaca Lubricant (BAB-T). Both biolubricants were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry. The physicochemical properties, lubricity and thermal properties of the produced biolubricants were determined. Results showed that the biolubricants had wavelengths of 3008.0 cm-1 associated with C-H stretching, 2922.8 cm-1 to -OH (acid), 1740.7 cm-1 to C=O, 1488.8 cm-1 to C=C stretching, 1364.2 cm-1 to NO2, 1237.6 cm-1 to C-O, 1159.2 cm-1 to C-C and 723.1 cm-1 to C-H bending. BAB-T had viscosities of 58.29 and 10.36 cSt at 40 and 100 OC respectively while those of BAB-E were 54.37 and 9.56 cSt. They had viscosity index of 168 and 161, and pour points of -9 and -8 respectively. These values were observed to be within acceptable range. BAB-T had coefficient of friction of 0.094 ± 0.014 while that of BAB-E was 0.080 ± 0.010 respectively. The biolubricants were observed to have thermal stability and showed properties similar to those of lubricants and show remarkable potentials to be used as alternatives to fossil-based lubricants.

show abstract

Application of Desert Date (<i>Balanites aegyptiaca</i>) Seed Oil as Potential Raw Material in the Formulation of Soap and Lotion

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Extraction, Characterization and Determination of Physicochemical Properties of Biodiesel obtained from Desert Date (Balanites aegyptiaca) Seed Oil

Extraction, Characterization and Determination of Physicochemical Properties of Biodiesel obtained from Desert Date (Balanites aegyptiaca) Seed Oil

NaOH-Catalyzed Methanolysis Optimization of Biodiesel Synthesis from Desert Date Seed Kernel Oil

Production of Biolubricants from Balanites aegyptiaca Seed Oil via Epoxidation and Double Transesterification Techniques

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About