Application of Covalent Organic Framework-Based Electrochemical Biosensors in Biological Sample Detection

Functional COFs for Electrochemical Sensing: From Design Principles to Analytical Applications

“…The detection of clinically relevant disease‐specific targets (molecules or components), including nucleic acids, proteins, antibodies, circulating tumor cells, and extracellular vesicles, is indispensable to understand their functions in disease diagnosis and prognosis [350] . Biological and clinical analysis is also one of the most active research fields of COFs‐based electrochemical biosensors and till now considerable biologically active small molecules (e. g. AA, DA, glucose, NO and DNA bases), biomarkers, exosomes and nucleic acids have been detected by COFs‐based electrochemical sensing methods [304] . In particular, some newly emerging electrochemical sensing techniques including ECL, PEC and open circuit potential biosensors (OCPS) also have been successfully used in clinical assay.…”

“…[350] Biological and clinical analysis is also one of the most active research fields of COFs-based electrochemical biosensors and till now considerable biologically active small molecules (e. g. AA, DA, glucose, NO and DNA bases), biomarkers, exosomes and nucleic acids have been detected by COFs-based electrochemical sensing methods. [304] In particular, some newly emerging electrochemical sensing techniques including ECL, PEC and open circuit potential biosensors (OCPS) also have been successfully used in clinical assay. Due to excellent electrocatalytic activities, good conductivity and superior enrichment ability of the constructed sensing materials the proposed sensors showed outstanding analytical performances for these biological molecules (Table 4).…”