Application of Cost-Benefit and Break-Even Analysis for the Development of Stingless Bees Farming in Malaysia

Abstract

The information about the economic and financial aspects of stingless bees farming is still limited along with some issues of high selling price and expenses. Therefore, the study initially aims to describe comprehensively cost-benefit, and break-even analysis of stingless bees farming in Malaysia. The study uses primary data and employs about 124 stingless beekeepers in all regions in Malaysia as number observation. The sampling method uses non-probability sampling, while the costing analysis, net return, input-output ratio, cost-benefit ratio and breakeven analysis are applied as analytical techniques. As a result, the stingless bees farming may generate considerable earnings, mainly in the area of Peninsular Malaysia, whilst the Sarawak region shows efficient cost of production in the break-even point. Furthermore, labor expense constitutes a predominant concern in the production and hive investment is required as high capital expenditure. The study recommended that the government and beekeepers should find alternative hive systems in order to reduce cost and focus on the massive production of stingless honey bees in the Sarawak area, while Peninsular Malaysia may turn into a main concentration of trading and marketing honey products.

A nonlinear model to assess the financial feasibility of the redevelopment of industrial sites in disuse [Un modello di analisi non lineare per la valutazione della fattibilità finanziaria degli interventi di valorizzazione dei siti industriali dismessi]

“…In particular, the BEA constitutes the first step of CVPA and it is mainly developed to assess the effects of technical, economic and organizational managerial dynamics on the investment financial convenience, in order to calibrate the strategies to mitigate any changes caused by market context variations. The BEA is especially implemented for i) the rapid verification of the financial feasibility of an investment to be activated or of the design aspects to be updated/adjusted in itinere, ii) the intervention dimensioning, given the investment costs, the expected revenues and the market conditions (Coscia, 2001); iii) the comparison between different technical projects alternatives; iv) the definition of strategies able to counteract the socio-economic changes, due to legislative, political and market modifications (Morano, 2007;Kee, 2001;Lulaj e Iseni, 2018;Abdurofi, 2021).…”

“…In particolare, la BEA costituisce il primo step della CVPA ed è principalmente sviluppata per valutare gli effetti delle dinamiche tecniche, economiche ed organizzativo-gestionali sulla convenienza finanziaria dell'investimento, al fine di calibrare le strategie per mitigare eventuali cambiamenti causati dalle variazioni del contesto di mercato. La BEA è principalmente applicata per i) la rapida verifica della fattibilità finanziaria di un investimento da avviare o degli aspetti progettuali da aggiornare/adeguare in itinere, ii) il dimensionamento dell'intervento, dati i costi di investimento, i ricavi attesi e le condizioni di mercato (Coscia, 2001); iii) il confronto tra diverse alternative tecnico-progettuali; iv) la definizione di strategie in grado di contrastare i cambiamenti socioeconomici, dovuti a cambiamenti legislativi, politici e di mercato (Morano, 2007;Kee, 2001;Lulaj e Iseni, 2018;Abdurofi, 2021). In termini teorici, dati i principali aspetti tecnici e finanziari dell'intervento, la BEA è volta a definire la quantità di prodotto da realizzare e vendere in grado di garantire il bilancio finanziario dell'iniziativa, in diversi scenari di prezzo e costo (Pollack, 1995).…”

Analisis Kelayakan Usaha Budidaya Lebah Kelulut di Lombok, Nusa Tenggara Barat

“…Penelitian yang sudah banyak dilakukan lebih kepada analisis finansial dengan analisis Benefit and Cost Ratio (BCR) dan Break Event Point (BEP). Penelitian Abdurofi et al (2021) di Malaysia menunjukkan peternakan Lebah Kelulut memberikan pendapatan yang cukup besar. Di sisi lain, biaya yang tinggi terdapat pada produksi stup (sarang dan koloni lebahnya).…”

Impact of prolonged storage on quality assessment properties and constituents of honey: A systematic review

“…There is a growing interest and increasing demand for honey among health‐conscious enthusiasts. Due to a combination of unfortunate occurrences (high demand and low supply), the price of honey skyrocketed; for example, in Malaysia, stingless bee honey costs RM 200–500 per kilogram and sting bee honey costs RM 60–90 per kilogram (Abdurofi et al., 2021). In conjunction with low supply, high demand, and expensive factors, honey tends to be kept for a prolonged time by packagers and marketers.…”