Application of comprehensive 2D chromatography in the anti-doping field: Sample identification and quantification

Hand, Rachel A.; Bassindale, Thomas; Turner, Nicholas W.; Morgan, G. H.

doi:10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122584

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…The DBS method for detecting anabolic steroids is not currently popular, but it has many advantages and is expected to be widely used in routine doping analyses. Hand et al ( 36 ) considered that WADA-accredited laboratories seemed to pay attention to the improvement of MS, but neglected the improvement of chromatographic technology, especially the application of 2D chromatography. Anti-doping analysis requires extreme accuracy and precision, and although chromatography combined with MS analysis is effective in achieving good selectivity and specificity, there are still some limitations.…”

Section: Common Doping Tests Used For Food Of Animal Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress on the detection of animal-derived food stimulants using mass spectrometry-based techniques

Zhang

2023

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundThe misuse of animal-derived stimulants in food is becoming increasingly common, and mass spectrometry (MS) is used extensively for their detection and analysis. There is a growing demand for abused-substances detection, highlighting the need for systematic studies on the advantages of MS-based methods in detecting animal-derived stimulants.ObjectiveWe reviewed the application of chromatography-mass spectrometry to the screening and detection of food stimulants of animal origin. Specifically, we analyzed four common animal sources of synthetic steroids, β-receptor agonists, zearalenol (ZAL), and glucocorticoids. We also explored the potential of using chromatography-mass spectrometry to detect and analyze animal-derived foods.MethodsWe searched and screened the Web of Science and Google Scholar databases until April 2023. Our inclusion criteria included a publication year within the last 5 years, publication language of English, and the research fields of food analysis, environmental chemistry, and polymer science. Our keywords were “mass spectrometry,” “anabolic androgenic steroids,” “β-2agonists,” “glucocorticoids,” “zearalenone,” and “doping.”ResultsAlthough traditional techniques such as thin-layer chromatography and enzyme-linked immunoassays are simple, fast, and suitable for the initial screening of bulk products, they are limited by their relatively high detection limits. Among the methods based on MS, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry are the most widely used for detecting food doping agents of animal origin. However, a sensitive method with high repeatability and a short analysis time for a large number of samples is still required. Advances in MS have enabled the detection of extremely low concentrations of these substances. Combining different techniques, such as high-resolution mass spectrometry, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, gas chromatography-combustion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry, and two-dimensional chromatography, offers significant advantages for detecting trace illicit drugs in animal-derived foods. Due to advances in assay technology and sample preparation methods, sample collection and storage methods such as dried blood spots, dried urine spots, and volumetric absorptive microsampling are increasingly accepted because of their increased stability and cost-effectiveness.SignificanceMS significantly improves the efficiency of detecting doping agents of animal origin. With the continuous development of MS technology, its application in the fields of doping detection and the analysis of doping agents of animal origin is expected to become more extensive.

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Section: Common Doping Tests Used For Food Of Animal Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress on the detection of animal-derived food stimulants using mass spectrometry-based techniques

Zhang

2023

Front. Nutr.

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“…and lm thickness of the 2 D column. 45 A deactivated universal press-t connector (Agilent Technologies Inc.) was used to connect the two columns through the LMCS, with the trap temperature set at different constant temperatures, which were 10, 80, 150, and 220 C. The P M of 8 or 12 s was applied. Helium was used as a carrier gas with a constant ow rate of 1.4 mL min À1 .…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of low-volatility pesticides in cabbage by high temperature comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography

et al. 2022

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“…LC‐MS/MS and GC‐MS/MS, even though effective, lack targeted analysis and the inability to detect new or modified compounds due to selective monitoring. Note that, 2D chromatography overcomes these pitfalls by increasing the resolution power and peak capacity for enabling the identification of unknown compounds in complex matrices; thus, gaining importance in the field of anti‐doping [30].…”

Section: Ms and Metabolomic Approach Used In Anti‐dopingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass spectrometry: A key tool in anti‐doping

Dhurjad

Jaiswal

Gupta

et al. 2022

Separation Science Plus

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Performance enhancement drugs build muscle mass and increase stamina in athletes, making them a potential candidate for abuse in sports competitions. World Anti‐Doping Agency is an international organization responsible for developing standard guidelines, listing agents prohibited for usage in all athletic events, and taking stringent actions for any discrepancies. Sophisticated analytical instruments and statistical tools are regularly used for the chemical fingerprinting of doping agents in different biological matrices. There is an ever‐increasing demand for developing novel and sensitive mass spectrometry methods for detecting new substances of abuse. This review focuses on applying hyphenated chromatographic techniques, emphasizing advanced mass spectrometric methods to analyze different classes of prohibited substances listed by the World Anti‐Doping Agency.

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Application of comprehensive 2D chromatography in the anti-doping field: Sample identification and quantification

Cited by 9 publications

References 51 publications

Recent progress on the detection of animal-derived food stimulants using mass spectrometry-based techniques

Recent progress on the detection of animal-derived food stimulants using mass spectrometry-based techniques

Analysis of low-volatility pesticides in cabbage by high temperature comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography

Mass spectrometry: A key tool in anti‐doping

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