Application of chromatography–mass spectrometry methods to the control of sport nutrition and medicines marketed via internet

Темердашев, А. З.; Azaryan, A. A.; Labutin, A. V.; Dikunets, M. A.; Zvereva, Irina; Podol’skii, I. I.; Berodze, G. T.; Balabaev, I. A.

doi:10.1134/s1061934817110090

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, a Russian manuscript on doping drugs, published at the end of 2017, described a multiparametric targeted LC–MS/MS and HRAM LC–MS approach targeting doping peptides, including the Russian research peptide Selank. This peptide, with sequence TKPRPGP, was detected as a doubly charged ion with m/z 376.724 (HRAM‐MS data) . Moreover, our low resolution MS/MS spectrum obtained also demonstrated that the two most intense fragment ions with an m/z of 129.1 and m/z of 254.1 correlated with the m/z that were encountered in the Russian study.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

“…5 Further analysis by full scan high-resolution, accurate-mass (HRAM) MS/MS combined with a newly developed LC gradient, applicable to both hydrophobic and hydrophilic peptides, de novo peptide sequencing, digestion by specific proteases, and final confirmation by custom synthesized reference standard showed that the substance present in the sample corresponded to a polypeptide with sequence TKPRPGP, known as Selank. 6 Moreover, in 2018, another more hydrophobic unknown peptide was encountered in a seized sample, that, upon some mass spectral similarities (of the MS/MS spectrum) with Selank and subsequent de novo sequencing, followed by confirmation with a reference standard, confirmed the identity of this polypeptide, with the sequence MEHFPGP, as Semax. 7 Both these peptides are sold online and are probably taken to improve mental performance.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The occurrence of putative cognitive enhancing research peptides in seized pharmaceutical preparations: An incentive for controlling agencies to prepare for future encounters of the kind

Vanhee

Francotte

Janvier

et al. 2020

Drug Testing and Analysis

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At the end of 2017 and 2018 two different unknown suspicious preparations were encountered and were subjected to a plethora of different analyses in order to identify, if present, any bioactive compound. It turned out that these samples contained the assumedly cognitive enhancing research peptides Selank and Semax, which, to our knowledge, have not completed any clinical trials. Moreover, an online search, excluding the dark web, demonstrated that these kinds of nootropic research peptides are freely available either as lyophilized powder for injection purposes or are present in nasal sprays. It stands to reason that controlling laboratories need to anticipate the uprising of these types of potentially dangerous molecules and must therefore be able to correctly identify these compounds. Therefore, these findings served as an incentive to develop a novel combined liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy (LC–MS/MS) methodology, applicable to both hydrophilic or more hydrophobic peptides, which was utilized to analyze a total of 10 putative cognitive enhancing polypeptides, with variable biochemical characteristics, that are currently being sold online. The screening rationale, complying to the recommendation paper of the General European Official Medicines Control Laboratory (OMCL) network on the interpretation of screening results for unknown peptides by mass spectrometry, was also validated in different matrices as required by ISO 17025.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The occurrence of putative cognitive enhancing research peptides in seized pharmaceutical preparations: An incentive for controlling agencies to prepare for future encounters of the kind

Vanhee

Francotte

Janvier

et al. 2020

Drug Testing and Analysis

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“…Although there are not studies regarding their safety in chronic administration, they can be bought freely from the internet or through the black market. There are studies in which these substances have been found in other non-controlled preparations sold on the black market or showed differences between the claimed composition and the real composition when tested in laboratory [43,38]. The difference between doping with steroids, respectively with SARMs, is that the long-term side effects such as hypogonadism due to hypothalamicpituitary axis suppression, gynecomastia, testicular atrophy, sexual dysfunction or alopecia usually occurring after administration of testosterone derivatives do not appear, due to the non-steroidal structure detained [34].…”

Section: Differences Between Sarms and Testosterone Derivativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SELECTIVE ANDROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS (SARMs) IN THE CONTEXT OF DOPING

Miklos¹,

Tero-Vescan²,

Vari³

et al. 2018

FARMACIA

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Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are substances of increasingly interest in the medical area due to the anabolic effect on muscle and bone tissue. Even if they aren`t yet introduced into therapy, they are in various stages of experimental and clinical research for pathologies involving catabolic states in protein metabolism. These molecules manage to dissociate the anabolic effect from the virilising effect, compared with androgenic hormones, due to the non-steroidal structure that they detain. Having this pharmacological advantage, besides the possibility of being orally administered, these substances are used illegally by athletes and bodybuilders. It is important to note that SARMs are prohibited for performance athletes by World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), but the concern is that they can be easily obtained from various uncertain sources. Moreover, their pharmacotoxicological profile is not clearly known, so their chronic administration, in high doses, represents a possible risk for the health. RezumatModulatorii selectivi ai receptorilor androgenici (SARM) sunt substanțe de interes crescut în aria medicală datorită efectelor anabolice la nivelul țesutului muscular și osos. Chiar dacă nu sunt introduse încă în terapie, sunt incluse în diverse stadii de cercetare experimentală și clinică pentru tratarea patologiilor cu stări catabolice în metabolismul proteic. Aceste molecule reușesc să disocieze efectul anabolic de cel virilizant, în comparație cu hormonii androgeni, datorită structurii lor nesteroidice. Deținând acest avantaj farmacologic, pe lângă posibilitatea de a fi administrate oral, aceste substanțe se utilizează în scop ilicit de către atleți și culturiști. Este important de menționat faptul că aceste substanțe sunt interzise sportivilor de performanță de către World-Anti Doping Agency (WADA), dar totuși pot fi ușor de procurat din diverse surse nesigure. În plus, profilul lor farmacotoxicologic nu este suficient cunoscut, deci administrarea cronică, în doze mari, reprezintă un posibil risc pentru sănătate.

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“…В ряде случаев продукты спортивного питания могут содержать подобные вещества, при этом они могут быть не указаны в составе, что делает их контроль особенно актуальным, поскольку согласно кодексу ВАДА именно спортсмен несет ответственность за обнаружение в его организме запрещенных субстанций даже в случае отсутствия умысла в их употреблении. Так, например, для класса жиросжигателей характерно присутствие эфедрина, синефрина и метилсинефрина [3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Применение Методов Хромато-Масс-Спектрометрии В Целях Проведения Комплексной Посмертной Химико-Токсикологической Экспертизы

Темердашев¹,

Gashimova²

2019

sorpchrom

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В данной статье рассмотрен случай внезапной смерти, вероятной причиной которой стало сочетание употребления алкоголя, эфедрина и анаболических стероидов в сочетании с систематическими тяжелыми тренировками. В результате посмертной экспертизы, проведенной с использованием ультравысокоэффективной жидкостной хроматографии в сочетании с тандемным масс-спектрометрическим детектированием, газовой хромато-масс-спектрометрии с источником электронной ионизации и газовой хроматографии с пламенно-ионизационным детектором и дозированиемравновесной паровой фазы.

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Application of chromatography–mass spectrometry methods to the control of sport nutrition and medicines marketed via internet

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

The occurrence of putative cognitive enhancing research peptides in seized pharmaceutical preparations: An incentive for controlling agencies to prepare for future encounters of the kind

The occurrence of putative cognitive enhancing research peptides in seized pharmaceutical preparations: An incentive for controlling agencies to prepare for future encounters of the kind

SELECTIVE ANDROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS (SARMs) IN THE CONTEXT OF DOPING

Применение Методов Хромато-Масс-Спектрометрии В Целях Проведения Комплексной Посмертной Химико-Токсикологической Экспертизы

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