Application of chemical vapor generation in ICP-MS: A review

Abstract

Chemical vapor generation (CVG) is an important sample introduction technique, and is widely used for atomic spectrometry for its enhanced sensitivity and selectivity. In the past 30 years, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has become a widely used and the most sensitive instrument for (ultra-)trace element determination and elemental speciation. A review of applications of this state-of-the-art coupling of CVG and ICP-MS is presented. Discussion is focused on its applications for both element determination and speciation, including hydride generation, cold vapor generation, photochemical vapor generation, alkylation, and electrochemical vapor generation. In addition, recent studies undertaken isotope dilution calibration in CVG-ICP-MS for achieving improved accuracy and precision are summarized, and the future perspectives are discussed. chemical vapor generation, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, isotope dilution, trace element determination, speciationCitation:

Multivariate optimization of photochemical vapor generation for direct determination of arsenic in seawater by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

“…Furthermore, it has been reported that use of reaction/collision cells may further enhance this sensitivity gap between As(III) and As(V) [9]. Chemical hydride generation (HG) has been widely used with ICPMS to enhance detection power and accuracy for the determination of As [12,13], principally due to efficient matrix isolation and enhanced introduction/ionization efficiency. However, because of the species-dependent efficiencies of reduction of the different forms of arsenic by reaction with NaBH 4 /KBH 4 , pre-conversion all As species to a single form is required [14e17].…”

Effects of the Addition of Selenium on Trace Element Concentrations in Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza)

“…Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the effects of the addition of selenium on trace element concentrations and their relocation in Danshen. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) has been widely used for the determination of trace and minor elements in a wide variety of traditional Chinese medicines due to its low detection limits, high selectivity, high accuracy, and the capability for multi-elemental analysis (Llorent-Martínez et al 2012;Abugassa et al 2008;Li, Zhong, and Lü 2012;Gao, Liu, and Yang 2013;Giannenas et al 2009). The determination of Hg and Se is often performed by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS) due to its high sensitivity, few interferences, and broad linearity (Cai 2000;Xu et al 2013).…”

Recent Developments in the Speciation and Determination of Mercury Using Various Analytical Techniques

“…This study concluded that the use of the reflux systems is very rare in the determination of elements, such as Hg. Gao et al [ 137 ] reviewed the application of chemical vapor generation method for the determination of metal ions, such as mercury and cadmium with ICP-MS. Sańchez et al [ 138 ] reviewed the determination of trace elements including mercury present in petroleum products using ICP techniques. This study concluded that the electrothermal vaporization and laser ablation methods were promising for the analysis of petroleum for trace elements.…”