Application of Cell-Based Therapies in Veterinary Dermatology

Abstract

Stem cells have been extensively studied in the field of veterinary medicine due to their unique characteristics. The last are undifferentiated cells with self-renewal, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory capacity. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used due to its simple isolation and expansion, being collected from different sources such as adipose tissue, bone marrow, peripheral blood, and umbilical cord. For that reason, MSCs have been studied and used as innovative therapies in the treatment of several diseases, such as tendinitis, bone regeneration, osteoarthritis, neuromuscular diseases, heart diseases, respiratory diseases, kidney disorders, ophthalmology, oncology, and dermatology. Concerning dermatological problems, the number of skin diseases in animals has been increasing in recent years. Skin diseases may be related to genetic conditions, external aggressions, or immunological disorders. Many of these skin pathologies are chronic, reason why the animals are subjected to long-term therapies, which can have deleterious side effects. This review aims to highlight the importance of cell-based therapies, using MSCs from different origins and their secretome, in the field of veterinary dermatology and in immune-mediated diseases such as atopic dermatitis, furunculosis, anal vasculitis, and scar tissue regeneration. These approaches should be further explored, as they have revealed promising results in the search for novel therapies.

Advancements and Insights in Exosome-Based Therapies for Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Systematic Review (2018–June 2023)

“…UCMSCs have also shown their wound-healing potential, as they can differentiate into epidermal tissue and are easier to harvest than BM-MSCs [1,2].…”

“…Under normal conditions, the skin can regenerate itself through a complex process that comprises four distinct phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. However, when this process fails or is disrupted, it can culminate in impaired tissue regeneration or prolonged wound healing, leading to the formation of chronic wounds [1][2][3].…”

“…The prevalence of chronic non-healing wounds is increasing due to factors such as population aging and aging-associated diseases, concomitant diseases, tumors, and congenital defects, negatively impacting the quality of life of millions of people worldwide. Therefore, the socioeconomical and health care burden is also increasing [1][2][3].…”

“…Furthermore, MSCs can be obtained from different sources and species. In recent years, there has been a notable rise in the use of MSCs for wound-healing purposes, with numerous studies showcasing promising outcomes utilizing cells obtained from diverse sources [1,2].…”