Application of Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 (Bst) Film Doped with 0%, 2%, 4% and 6% Concentrations of RuO2 as an Arduino Nano-Based Bad Breath Sensor

Abstract

Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3 (BST) film doped with variations in RuO2 concentration (0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%) has been successfully grown on a type-p silicon substrate (100) using the chemical solution deposition (CSD) method and spin-coating at a speed of 3000 rpm for 30 s. The film on the substrate was then heated at 850 °C for 15 h. The sensitivity of BST film + RuO2 variations as a gas sensor were characterized. The sensitivity characterization was assisted by various electronic circuitry with the purpose of producing a sensor that is very sensitive to gas. The responses from the BST film + RuO2 variation were varied, depending on the concentration of the RuO2 dope. BST film doped with 6% RuO2 had a very good response to halitosis gases; therefore, this film was applied as the Arduino-Nano-based bad-breath detecting sensor. Before it was integrated with the microcontroller, the voltage output of the BST film was amplified using an op-amp circuit to make the voltage output from the BST film readable to the microcontroller. The changes in the voltage response were then shown on the prototype display. If the voltage output was ≤12.9 mV, the display would read “bad breath”. If the voltage output >42.1 mV, the display would read “fragrant”. If 12.9 mV < voltage output ≤ 42.1 mV, the display would read “normal”.

Advanced materials and technologies for oral diseases

“…Thanks to the advent of nanotechnology, such technology makes detection methods for oral gases more convenient and improves the sensitivity and specificity of detection [ 275 , 276 ]. Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 TiO 3 (BST) films have been prepared, and the voltage induced by the gas in the presence of electrical changes can instantly display the results of the detection of the gas [ 277 ]. However, this method also has some limitations.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of Lithium-doped BaTiO3/Si(100) Thin Films with Variations of 0 %, 0.5 %, 1 % and 1.5 % as Potential Forerunners of Solar Cells

“…Ferroelectric properties can be generated by making the BST thin films sensitive to light (optoelectronics), temperature stimuli (pyroelectric), and pressure effects (piezoelectric) [1], [6], [7]. The BST has been applied as an optoelectronic photodiode [8].…”

“…In general, fabricating a thin layer of Barium Titanate or perovskite can be done by physical and chemical methods [7], [20]. The stages of the research method carried out include (i) making thin films of BTO with 0%, 0.5%, and 1% Lithium (I) Acetate (Fe(CH3COO)) (BLTO) with CSD method assisted by spin coating and making contact aluminium on BLT thin films [6], [21], (ii) tested X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) with Material Analysis Using Diffraction (MAUD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and (Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) devices.…”