Application of Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared Spectroscopy to the Characterization of Coal

Mielczarski, J.; Deńca, Andrzej; Strojek, Jerzy W.

doi:10.1366/0003702864507909

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The observed effects of the four types of IRE on the ATR spectra of silver nanoparticles were thought to be due to the high refractive index of the sample, which consisted mainly of metallic silver; that is, the distortion of the observed ATR spectra, using the ZnSe, diamond, and Si IREs, suggested that either no ATR effect was observed, owing to inadequate internal reflection, or the ATR spectrum was distorted due to anomalous dispersion of the refractive index near the critical angle. Similar instances of this phenomenon involving band distortion of the ATR spectra have been reported, 31,32 e.g., in Tay and Kazarian’s study of petroleum heat exchanger deposits using diamond ATR. 33 However, Ge IRE proved suitable for the analysis of silver nanoparticles modified with stearic acid, even when the sample had a high refractive index, because the use of this IRE satisfies the internal reflection condition and results in no anomalous dispersion of the refractive index near the critical angle.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Attenuated Total Reflection Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption (ATR SEIRA) Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Fatty Acids on Silver Nanoparticles

2017

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The application of attenuated total reflection surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (ATR SEIRA) to the analysis of fatty acids on silver nanoparticles was investigated. Attenuated total reflection measurements using four types of internal reflection elements (IREs)-zinc selenide, diamond, silicon, and germanium-were performed for silver nanoparticles modified with fatty acids, and germanium IRE was shown to be suitable for the analysis of silver nanoparticles, even when the sample had a high refractive index. Fatty acids coating the silver nanoparticles could be directly identified by SEIRA enhancement, because both symmetric carboxylate stretching vibration and methylene wagging vibration were strongly detected. Furthermore, the peak positions for methylene wagging vibration differed depending on the carbon number of the fatty acid, so that information from the ATR SEIRA spectra makes it possible to identify substances coating silver nanoparticles. Therefore, ATR SEIRA would appear to have significant potential as a technique for the identification of substances coated on metal nanoparticle surfaces.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Attenuated Total Reflection Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption (ATR SEIRA) Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Fatty Acids on Silver Nanoparticles

2017

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“…It is assumed that all carbon atoms are either aliphatic or aromatic, and the apparent aromaticity ( f a ) of the samples was estimated according to the method of Mielczarski et al: f normala = ( 100 − V daf ) × 0.9677 / C The aliphatic (H al ) and aromatic hydrogen contents (H ar ) were resolved from the integrated absorbance areas ( A ) of the bands at 3100–2800 cm –1 and 900–700 cm –1 , respectively. Then, H al /H can be calculated by the following: normalH al / H = false( 1 − f normala false) / ( C al / H al ) ( H / C ) The values of V daf , C, and H/C are listed in Table .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Structural Characteristics of Thermally Metamorphosed Coal by FTIR Spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction

et al. 2013

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The structural parameters of nine coal samples from a contact metamorphic zone were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The FTIR spectra parameters composed of CH 2 /CH 3 , f a , H al /H ar , and (R/C) u indicate distinguishing features, including increase of aromaticity and the loss of aliphatic and oxygencontaining groups with thermally metamorphic evolution of coal. The XRD analysis shows that magmatic intrusion potentially caused rapid changes of structures in coal. With the decrease of distances from the intrusion rocks, the average lateral sizes (L a ), stacking heights (L c ), and interlayer spacing (d 002 ) of the crystallite structures of coal range from 22.90 to 37.70 Å, 12.90 to 23.30 Å, and 3.80 to 3.50 Å, respectively. Exponential correlations are observed between structural parameters (f a , d 002 , L a , L c , H al /H, (R/C) u , and A ar /A al ) and C/H of the coal, suggesting that the structures of coal are controlled by the degree of contact metamorphism.

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“…FTIR has gained wider application since both organic functional groups [278][279][280] and mineral composition can be analyzed (e.g., clay, sulfate, slag, pottery, and oil shale) [281][282][283]. The advantages of FTIR over XRD in identifying minerals include (1) identifying both crystalline and amorphous phases, (2) distinguishing the origin of water molecules (e.g., structural water, coordinated water, and zeolitic water), and (3) performing rapid and less costly analysis [255].…”

Section: X-ray Diffraction (Xrd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Respirable Coal Mine Dust Characterization for Mass Concentration, Size Distribution and Chemical Composition

et al. 2021

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Respirable coal mine dust (RCMD) exposure is associated with black lung and silicosis diseases in underground miners. Although only RCMD mass and silica concentrations are regulated, it is possible that particle size, surface area, and other chemical constituents also contribute to its adverse health effects. This review summarizes measurement technologies for RCMD mass concentrations, morphology, size distributions, and chemical compositions, with examples from published efforts where these methods have been applied. Some state-of-the-art technologies presented in this paper have not been certified as intrinsically safe, and caution should be exerted for their use in explosive environments. RCMD mass concentrations are most often obtained by filter sampling followed by gravimetric analysis, but recent requirements for real-time monitoring by continuous personal dust monitors (CPDM) enable quicker exposure risk assessments. Emerging low-cost photometers provide an opportunity for a wider deployment of real-time exposure assessment. Particle size distributions can be determined by microscopy, cascade impactors, aerodynamic spectrometers, optical particle counters, and electrical mobility analyzers, each with unique advantages and limitations. Different filter media are required to collect integrated samples over working shifts for comprehensive chemical analysis. Teflon membrane filters are used for mass by gravimetry, elements by energy dispersive X-ray, rare-earth elements by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and mineralogy by X-ray diffraction. Quartz fiber filters are analyzed for organic, elemental, and brown carbon by thermal/optical methods and non-polar organics by thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Polycarbonate-membrane filters are analyzed for morphology and elements by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray, and quartz content by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy.

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Application of Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared Spectroscopy to the Characterization of Coal

Cited by 22 publications

References 29 publications

Attenuated Total Reflection Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption (ATR SEIRA) Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Fatty Acids on Silver Nanoparticles

Attenuated Total Reflection Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption (ATR SEIRA) Spectroscopy for the Analysis of Fatty Acids on Silver Nanoparticles

Investigation of Structural Characteristics of Thermally Metamorphosed Coal by FTIR Spectroscopy and X-ray Diffraction

Review of Respirable Coal Mine Dust Characterization for Mass Concentration, Size Distribution and Chemical Composition

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