Application of attenuated total reflectance micro-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy to the study of coal macerals: Examples from the Bowen Basin, Australia

Li, Zhongsheng; Fredericks, Peter M.; Rintoul, Llewellyn; Ward, Colin R.

doi:10.1016/j.coal.2006.01.006

Cited by 56 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The newly formed peak around 1,580 cm −1 was assigned to a carbonyl group. 15,16 The intensity of this peak increased with the ultrasonic energy, which meant that the amount of C=O bonding formed on the graphite surface is proportional to the power of applied ultrasonic energy. To identify the role of ultrasonic energy, a sample was prepared under the same treatment conditions but without ultrasonic energy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anodic Performances of Surface-Treated Natural Graphite for Lithium Ion Capacitors

Park¹,

Park

et al. 2014

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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The surface of natural graphite was modified by the use of hydrogen peroxide and evaluated as an anode material for lithium ion capacitors (LICs). The surface treatment was carried out under various ultrasonic conditions of 200, 300, and 400 W, which were applied to a mixture of natural graphite and hydrogen peroxide solution for 1 h. While the bulk structure was maintained, the hexagonal symmetry and physical properties of natural graphite, such as BET surface area, tap density, and particle size, were affected by the surface treatment. FT-IR and XPS measurements confirmed the signature of C=O on the surface of graphite samples after treatment. Both the pristine and surface-treated graphites showed a similar reversible capacity of 370 mAhg, and the coulombic efficiency of surface-treated graphite decreased with higher ultrasonic energies (89.1%, 89.0%, and 88.0% for 200, 300, and 400 W) comparing with pristine graphite (89.4%). The capacity retention of LICs was greatly improved with the treated natural graphite. The graphite treated under the ultrasonic energy of 300 W and pristine natural graphite showed capacity retention of 77.5% and 42.9%, implying that the surface treatment was an effective method for the improvement of natural graphite as an anode material for LICs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anodic Performances of Surface-Treated Natural Graphite for Lithium Ion Capacitors

Park¹,

Park

et al. 2014

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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“…The band at 3030 cm −1 is assigned to the aromatic CH stretching while the bands at 2920 and 2850 cm −1 are assigned to asymmetric and symmetric modes of aliphatic CH stretching respectively. Thus the integrated areas of these two spectral ranges are often used in estimating the aromaticity of a carbonaceous material [42,43]. The H ar and H al are the integrated area of the of the IR absorbance at 3100 -3000 cm −1 and 3000 -2700 cm −1 respectively.…”

Section: Results Of Ftirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Tars from the Thermal Processing of Baganuur and Tavan Tolgoi Coals from Mongolia, Using SEC, UV-F, IR and Mass Spectrometry

Purevsuren¹,

Davaajav²,

Batbilig³

et al. 2013

ACES

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Tars from two Mongolian coals (Tavan Tolgoi and Baganuur) produced by simple distillation have been characterized using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with elution in both 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP) and a mixed solvent (NMP and chloroform), UV-fluorescence in chloroform and NMP, gas chromatography (GC), mass spectrometry (GC-MS, probe-MS and LD-MS with thin layer chromatography) and infra-red spectroscopy. The SEC chromatograms using NMP and the solvent mixture NMP: chloroform indicates that similar conclusions can be drawn from using either eluent. The synchronous UV-fluorescence spectra were shifted to longer wavelengths in chloroform solution than in NMP and chloroform may be the better solvent for these tars prepared without extensive secondary thermal treatment. Infra-red spectra indicated differences between the two coal tars that reflected their different ranks, with more oxygenate groups in the lower rank Baganuur coal. Mass spectrometry (GC-MS and probe-MS) of both coal tars confirmed the presence of aliphatic components as well as aromatics and the relatively extensive alkylation of aromatics. Molecular mass ranges indicated for Baganuur tar by SEC compared well with the mass range by LD-MS although the LD-MS extended to higher mass values. The high mass fractions of the tars were revealed by fractionation by thin layer chromatography with the relevant sections of the developed plates inserted directly into the mass spectrometer; laser desorption was directly from the surface of the plate. LD-MS of the unfractionated samples failed to detect the high mass components because of mass discrimination effects. The high mass components were carried over in the distillation by mass transfer of vapours into the condenser.

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“…With the recent concern for the environment and renewed interest in research on alternative energy from renewable sources such as fuel cells and wind, hydrogen from coal through the integrated gasification combined cycle has been considered for the proposed hydrogen economy [5,6]. Gasification has been tipped as the twenty-first century clean coal conversion technology than the other coal utilisation processes such as liquefaction and combustion because it is high energy efficient [7], non-polluting [8] and economical [9]. It also has the merit of going beyond the use of coal for the generation of power [10], metal processing and the production of chemicals [11], as coal could be converted to useful gases and liquids [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis: Pathway to Coal Clean Technologies

Odeh¹

2017

Pyrolysis

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Pyrolysis remains key to all coal utilisation processes such as combustion, gasification and liquefaction. Understanding the thermochemical changes accompanying these processes through pyrolysis would help in defining the technical performance of the processes. With the recent concern for the environment and renewed interest in research on clean coal technology (CCT), hydrogen from coal through the integrated gasification combined cycle has been considered for the proposed hydrogen economy.

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Application of attenuated total reflectance micro-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy to the study of coal macerals: Examples from the Bowen Basin, Australia

Cited by 56 publications

References 24 publications

Anodic Performances of Surface-Treated Natural Graphite for Lithium Ion Capacitors

Anodic Performances of Surface-Treated Natural Graphite for Lithium Ion Capacitors

Characterization of Tars from the Thermal Processing of Baganuur and Tavan Tolgoi Coals from Mongolia, Using SEC, UV-F, IR and Mass Spectrometry

Pyrolysis: Pathway to Coal Clean Technologies

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