Application of atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry in the identification and differentiation of <i>Panax</i> Species

Leung, Kelvin Sze-Yin; Chan, Kelvin; Bensoussan, Alan; Munroe, Mary J.

doi:10.1002/pca.962

Cited by 35 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…5) depicted the abundance of a marker ion at m/z 801.5012 (RT 5.38 min) over 27 samples. This ion fulfilled the criterion of a marker ion because of the unique presence in the American ginseng but not the others [37].…”

Section: Pcamentioning

confidence: 97%

Ultra‐performance LC/TOF MS analysis of medicinal Panax herbs for metabolomic research

Xie

Plumb

et al. 2008

J of Separation Science

156

108

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Original Paper Ultra-performance LC/TOF MS analysis of medicinal Panax herbs for metabolomic researchIn this study, metabolite profiling of five medicinal Panax herbs including Panax ginseng (Chinese ginseng), Panax notoginseng (Sanchi), Panax japonicus (Rhizoma Panacis Majoris), Panax quinquefolium L. (American ginseng), and P. ginseng (Korean ginseng) were performed using ultra-performance LC-quadrupole TOF MS (UPLC-QTOFMS) and multivariate statistical analysis technique. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the analytical data showed that the five Panax herbs could be separated into five different groups of phytochemicals. The chemical markers such as ginsenoside Rf, 20(S)-pseudoginsenoside F11, malonyl gisenoside Rb1, and gisenoside Rb2 accountable for such variations were identified through the loadings plot of PCA, and were identified tentatively by the accurate mass of TOFMS and partially verified by the available reference standards. Results from this study indicate that the proposed method is reliable for the rapid analysis of a group of metabolites present in herbal medicines and other natural products and applicable in the differentiation of complex samples that share similar chemical ingredients. IntroductionMetabolomics aims to identify and quantify the full complement of low-molecular-weight, soluble metabolites in actively metabolizing tissues [1 -4], which has aroused extensive awareness and interests, especially in the botanical studies such as quality control of plants [5 -9], plant engineering [10, 11] using a number of techniques including NMR or different combinations of LC, GC, and MS. Also, based on the multivariate analysis of complex biological profiles, metabolomics has been successfully applied to plant genotype discrimination and differentiation [1, 12 -14]. Plants are rich in chemically diverse metabolites, which cannot be completely detected by a single analytical method currently available in phytochemical laboratories. Over the past 20 years, HPLC/MS (LC/MS) has become one of the main analytical techniques used in controlling the quality and consistency of both the chemical markers and active substances of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Despite early claims that MS, and particularly MS/MS, is able to remove the need for good chromatographic separation in the analysis of low abundance samples, a poor LC run prior to MS analysis will lead to issues of ion suppression and isobaric interferences that cannot be overcome by a spectrometer alone. More recently, the desire for significantly reduced analysis time with increased sample throughput, resolution, and sensitivity has resulted in the development of ultrafast separation and identification using LC-MS techniques [15,16]. Among the various LC platforms, ultra-performance LC (UPLC) is considered suitable for metabolite profiling and metabolomics [17 -28], especially, for large-scale untargeted metabolic profiling due to its enhanced reproducibility in retention time [24]. The ability to generate high peak capacities in short...

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Section: Pcamentioning

confidence: 97%

Ultra‐performance LC/TOF MS analysis of medicinal Panax herbs for metabolomic research

Xie

Plumb

et al. 2008

J of Separation Science

156

108

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show abstract

“…Both ginseng and sanqi are commonly used for the treatment of coronary heart disease and cerebral vascular disease [2][3][4] . Belonging to the same genus, ginseng and sanqi possess similar constituents, including their unique active ingredients, ginsenosides [5,6] . Cumulated research outcomes have indicated that identical and variable ginsenosides in these 2 herbs are possibly responsible for the comparable and distinct therapeutic effects between ginseng and sanqi [7] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of sugar positions in ginsenosides and their inhibitory potency on Na+/K+-ATPase activity

Chen¹,

Chung²,

et al. 2008

Acta Pharmacol Sin

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Aim: To determine whether ginsenosides with various sugar attachments may act as active components responsible for the cardiac therapeutic effects of ginseng and sanqi (the roots of Panax ginseng and Panax notoginseng) via the same molecular mechanism triggered by cardiac glycosides, such as ouabain and digoxin. Methods: The structural similarity between ginsenosides and ouabain was analyzed. The inhibitory potency of ginsenosides and ouabain on Na+/K+-ATPase activity was examined and compared. Molecular modeling was exhibited for the docking of ginsenosides to Na+/K+-ATPase. Results: Ginsenosides with sugar moieties attached only to the C-3 position of the steroid-like structure, equivalent to the sugar position in cardiac glycosides, and possessed inhibitory potency on Na+/K+-ATPase activity. However, their inhibitory potency was significantly reduced or completely abolished when a monosaccharide was linked to the C-6 or C-20 position of the steroid-like structure; replacement of the monosaccharide with a disaccharide molecule at either of these positions caused the disappearance of the inhibitory potency. Molecular modeling and docking confirmed that the difference in Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitory potency among ginsenosides was due to the steric hindrance of sugar attachment at the C-6 and C-20 positions of the steroid-like structure. Conclusion: The cardiac therapeutic effects of ginseng and sanqi should be at least partly attributed to the effective inhibition of Na+/K+-ATPase by their metabolized ginsenosides with sugar moieties attached only to the C-3 position of the steroid-like structure

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“…The presence of these compounds permitted the definitive identification of the species. This technique might provide an alternative approach to analyzing high molecular weight polar compounds that are typically encountered in complex matrices of Chinese medicinal materials [218]. Recently, a fast SPE-HPLC-MS n method was presented for quantitative determination of 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-hydroxylpropionic acid (Danshensu) from Compound Danshen Dripping Pills in rabbits' heart, liver, kidney, and lung and for qualitative analysis of the bioactive metabolites of Radix Salvia miltiorrhizae from Compound Danshen Dripping Pills in these tissues [219].…”

Section: Dad-esi-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Chinese medicine and separation science

Shao

Liang³

2008

J of Separation Science

122

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Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) are getting more and more popular nowadays in the whole world for improving health condition of human beings as well as preventing and healing diseases. TCM is a multi-component system with components mostly unknown, and only a few compounds are responsible for the pharmaceutical and/or toxic effects. The large numbers of other components in the TCM make the screening and analysis of the bioactive components extremely difficult. So, separation and analysis of the desired chemical components in TCM are very important subjects for modernization research of TCM. Thus, many novel separation techniques with significant advantages over conventional methods were introduced and applied to separation and analysis of the chemical constituents in TCM. This review presents just a brief outline of the applications of different separation methods for the isolation and analysis of TCM constituents.

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Application of atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry in the identification and differentiation of Panax Species

Cited by 35 publications

References 30 publications

Ultra‐performance LC/TOF MS analysis of medicinal Panax herbs for metabolomic research

Ultra‐performance LC/TOF MS analysis of medicinal Panax herbs for metabolomic research

Effect of sugar positions in ginsenosides and their inhibitory potency on Na+/K+-ATPase activity

Traditional Chinese medicine and separation science

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