Application of an antenna excited high pressure microwave discharge to compact discharge lamps

Kando, Masashi; Fukaya, T.; Ohishi, Yoshihiro; Mizojiri, Takafumi; Morimoto, Yukihiro; Shido, Masaya; Serita, Takuya

doi:10.1088/0022-3727/41/14/144026

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Hussain [ 100 ] found the interaction of microwaves with iron led the iron’s temperature to rise up to 1100–1200 °C and even up to the melting point of iron. Kando et al [ 101 ] carried out some research on the excitation of microwave discharge by an antenna to produce high intensity microwave discharge and found a plasma column emitting strong radiation was produced in a small gap between a couple of antennas and the plasma column sometimes changed to a curved one with the increase of the incident microwave power. Chen et al [ 62 ] reported that audible and bright discharges accompanied by solvent decomposition and formation of considerable amounts of graphitized material were observed by adding metal particles (Mg, Zn, Cu) to liquid benzene under microwave irradiation.…”

Section: Effects Of Microwave-metal Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Microwave-Matter Interaction Fundamentals and Efficient Microwave-Associated Heating Strategies

2016

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Microwave heating is rapidly emerging as an effective and efficient tool in various technological and scientific fields. A comprehensive understanding of the fundamentals of microwave–matter interactions is the precondition for better utilization of microwave technology. However, microwave heating is usually only known as dielectric heating, and the contribution of the magnetic field component of microwaves is often ignored, which, in fact, contributes greatly to microwave heating of some aqueous electrolyte solutions, magnetic dielectric materials and certain conductive powder materials, etc. This paper focuses on this point and presents a careful review of microwave heating mechanisms in a comprehensive manner. Moreover, in addition to the acknowledged conventional microwave heating mechanisms, the special interaction mechanisms between microwave and metal-based materials are attracting increasing interest for a variety of metallurgical, plasma and discharge applications, and therefore are reviewed particularly regarding the aspects of the reflection, heating and discharge effects. Finally, several distinct strategies to improve microwave energy utilization efficiencies are proposed and discussed with the aim of tackling the energy-efficiency-related issues arising from the application of microwave heating. This work can present a strategic guideline for the developed understanding and utilization of the microwave heating technology.

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Section: Effects Of Microwave-metal Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Microwave-Matter Interaction Fundamentals and Efficient Microwave-Associated Heating Strategies

2016

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“…During the startup of the plasma light source, the dielectric material inside the bulb changes into plasma from a low-pressure vacuum. Additionally, the relative permittivity ε p of the plasma is determined by the following formulas [22]:…”

Section: Design Of Control Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Startup Control Method for Plasma Lamps by Using Fractional-N Phase-Locked Loop Microwave Driver

Jia

Huan

et al. 2022

Electronics

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The microwave-driven plasma light source has the feature of the full spectrum, similar to sunlight, and has broad application prospects. Startups of plasma lamps are very difficult since the plasma density and the resonator impedance are changing constantly with the warm-up process and the RF driver can hardly couple the power to the plasma efficiently. This paper presents a startup control method for plasma lamps by using an integrated fractional-N phase-locked loop (PLL) as the RF signal source. An RF control module including a 21 dBm RF source with a band of 430–460 MHz and detection circuits for the RF driver is developed, and the startup process of the plasma lamp is further studied by analyzing the return loss of the resonator under the plasma load. According to the test result, the maximum frequency deviation of the RF control module is 3.3 kHz over the working temperature range of −40–80 °C. The designed RF control module is used to drive a high-power amplifier to start the plasma lamp automatically. It takes 79 s to achieve the stable arc operation from the gas breakdown. The return loss of the resonator is −26 dB, with an incident power of 171 W and reflected power of 418 mW, indicating that the RF driver and the plasma achieve good coupling. Compared with continuous wave, the luminous flux of the lamp powered by RF pulse improves by 18% under the same electric power. This startup control method has stable performance, small temperature drift, and an effective control function for plasma lamps.

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“…The work of Kando et al [6] shows an experimental setup to drive commercial mercury-containing HID lamps including electrodes by a 2.45-GHz signal. The setup consists of a solidstate amplifier, a rectangular waveguide, including a three-stub tuner and a moveable plunger, as well as the coaxial microwave launcher.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Optimization Technique for Microwave-Driven High-Intensity Discharge Lamps Using Hot <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">${S}$</tex></formula>-Parameters

Holtrup

Sadeghfam

Heuermann

et al. 2014

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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High-intensity discharge lamps can be driven by radio-frequency signals in the ISM frequency band at 2.45 GHz, using a matching network to transform the impedance of the plasma to the source impedance. To achieve an optimal operating condition, a good characterization of the lamp in terms of radio frequency equivalent circuits under operating conditions is necessary, enabling the design of an efficient matching network. This paper presents the characterization technique for such lamps and presents the design of the required matching network. For the characterization, a high-intensity discharge lamp was driven by a monofrequent large signal at 2.45 GHz, whereas a frequency sweep over 300 MHz was performed across this signal to measure so-called small-signal hot -parameters using a vector network analyzer. These parameters are then used as an equivalent load in a circuit simulator to design an appropriate matching network. Using the measured data as a black-box model in the simulation results in a quick and efficient method to simulate and design efficient matching networks in spite of the complex plasma behavior. Furthermore, photometric analysis of high-intensity discharge lamps are carried out, comparing microwave operation to conventional operation.Index Terms-High-intensity discharge lamp, hot -parameter, matching network, mercury-free, microwave-driven high-pressure lamp. 0018-9480

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Application of an antenna excited high pressure microwave discharge to compact discharge lamps

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Review on Microwave-Matter Interaction Fundamentals and Efficient Microwave-Associated Heating Strategies

Review on Microwave-Matter Interaction Fundamentals and Efficient Microwave-Associated Heating Strategies

A Startup Control Method for Plasma Lamps by Using Fractional-N Phase-Locked Loop Microwave Driver

Characterization and Optimization Technique for Microwave-Driven High-Intensity Discharge Lamps Using Hot <formula formulatype="inline"> <tex Notation="TeX">${S}$</tex></formula>-Parameters

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