Application of Advanced Multi-Sensor Non-Destructive Testing System for the Evaluation of Pavements Affected by Transverse Crack-Heaving

Abstract

Pavement tenting, also referred to as crack-heaving, is a distress condition that primarily affects bituminous roads constructed in cold climates. This type of distress spreads over long stretches of roadways and can drastically affect drivers’ safety and comfort. The phenomenon occurs in freezing winter temperatures offering a limited and dire time window for testing. This paper discusses using an integrated multi-sensor non-destructive testing methodology to evaluate and characterize pavements affected by tenting. A survey van equipped with high-definition video and thermal cameras, LIDAR laser scanner, high-resolution accelerometer, and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) technologies was used to assess several roads suspected of tenting. The plurality of measuring devices and the data fusion and synchronization capabilities proved useful in revealing important pavement tenting characteristics that would have been otherwise overlooked. The data analysis led to the development of test parameters, derived from longitudinal profile measurements, that captured reasonably well the intensity and frequency of the tented cracks. The parameters were successfully employed to characterize the tested roads and determine the extent of critically affected segments. The study also showed the potential of GPR measurements to investigate underneath moisture conditions contributing to the formation of the tented cracks. Finally, the findings and tools developed in this study were discussed and compared with observations of local engineers who have extensive experience and insight on the subject matter. The knowledge and recommendations gathered in this final effort were also synthesized and incorporated into the paper.

Using Ground Penetrating Radar to Monitor Seasonal Moisture Fluctuations in Base Layers of Existing Roads

“…In particular, it focuses on extracting continuous moisture content estimates of the base layer from GPR data collected on the surface of a bituminous pavement, without the need to measure on the base layer directly. The study builds on previous efforts by the authors to characterize moisture and frost conditions in pavement base layers using GPR and moisture sensing instruments (2,3). One of these efforts (2) demonstrated the effectiveness of sensors installed in pavement foundations to monitor seasonal moisture fluctuation and predict critical periods.…”

“…However, the coverage of these sensors was limited to only the instrumented sections. In a more recent study ( 3 ), a ground-coupled GPR mounted on a survey van was employed to successfully evaluate the moisture/frost conditions of pavements severely affected by crack-heaving. This effort, however, provided only a qualitative indication of moisture/frost distribution in the pavement foundations.…”