Application of adaptive multi-frequency grids to three-dimensional astrophysical radiative transfer

Steinacker, Jürgen M.; Bacmann, A.; Henning, Thomas

doi:10.1016/s0022-4073(02)00042-0

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The spatial grids are generated using an algorithm described in Steinacker et al (2002c). They are adaptive and optimized to minimize the 1st order discretization error hence guaranteeing global error control for solutions of radiative transfer problems on the grid.…”

Section: Steinraymentioning

confidence: 99%

The 2D continuum radiative transfer problem

Pascucci

Wolf

Steinacker

et al. 2004

A&A

116

207

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Abstract. We present benchmark problems and solutions for the continuum radiative transfer (RT) in a 2D disk configuration. The reliability of three Monte-Carlo and two grid-based codes is tested by comparing their results for a set of well-defined cases which differ for optical depth and viewing angle. For all the configurations, the overall shape of the resulting temperature and spectral energy distribution is well reproduced. The solutions we provide can be used for the verification of other RT codes. We also point out the advantages and disadvantages of the various numerical techniques applied to solve the RT problem.

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Section: Steinraymentioning

confidence: 99%

The 2D continuum radiative transfer problem

Pascucci

Wolf

Steinacker

et al. 2004

A&A

116

207

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“…In the special case of an octree, k = l = m = 2 so that each cell is subdivided into eight subcells (hence the name of the data structure). Adaptive-mesh grids and especially octree grids are well established (Kurosawa & Hillier 2001;Steinacker et al 2002;Wolf 2003;Harries et al 2004;Niccolini & Alcolea 2006;Jonsson 2006;Bianchi 2008;Laursen et al 2009;Robitaille 2011;A&A 560, A35 (2013) Fig. 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using 3D Voronoi grids in radiative transfer simulations

Camps

Baes

Saftly

2013

A&A

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Context. Probing the structure of complex astrophysical objects requires effective three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulation of the relevant radiative transfer (RT) processes. As with any numerical simulation code, the choice of an appropriate discretization is crucial. Adaptive grids with cuboidal cells such as octrees have proven very popular; however, several recently introduced hydrodynamical and RT codes are based on a Voronoi tessellation of the spatial domain. An unstructured grid of this nature poses new challenges in laying down the rays (straight paths) needed in RT codes. Aims. We show that it is straightforward to implement accurate and efficient RT on 3D Voronoi grids. Methods. We present a method for computing straight paths between two arbitrary points through a 3D Voronoi grid in the context of a RT code. We implement this grid in our RT code SKIRT, using the open source library Voro++ to obtain the relevant properties of the Voronoi grid cells based solely on the generating points. We compare the results obtained through the Voronoi grid with those generated by an octree grid for two synthetic models, and we perform the well-known Pascucci RT benchmark using the Voronoi grid. Results. The presented algorithm produces correct results for our test models. Shooting photon packages through the geometrically much more complex 3D Voronoi grid is only about three times slower than the equivalent process in an octree grid with the same number of cells, while in fact the total number of Voronoi grid cells may be lower for an equally good representation of the density field. Conclusions. The benefits of using a Voronoi grid in RT simulation codes will often outweigh the somewhat slower performance.

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“…The limitations of the various methods mentioned above led to the development of more deterministic discretized finite-differencing methods (Stenholm, Stoerzer, & Wehrse 1991;Steinacker, Bacmann, & Henning 2002) and discrete ordinates characteristic methods (Dullemond & Turolla 2000;Steinacker, Bacmann, & Henning 2002;Hayes & Norman 2003;Vögler et al 1982;Heinemann et al 2006;Woitke, Kamp & Thi 2009;Hayek et al 2010;Davis et al 2012;Jiang et al 2014), which have a number of widely discussed advantages. However, all of these methods suffer from the phenomenon of "ray-defects" (see appendix A for a detailed discussion).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

hero – A 3D general relativistic radiative post-processor for accretion discs around black holes

Zhu

Narayan

Sądowski

et al. 2015

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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HERO (Hybrid Evaluator for Radiative Objects) is a 3D general relativistic radiative transfer code which has been tailored to the problem of analyzing radiation from simulations of relativistic accretion discs around black holes. HERO is designed to be used as a postprocessor. Given some fixed fluid structure for the disc (i.e. density and velocity as a function of position from a hydrodynamics or magnetohydrodynamics simulation), the code obtains a self-consistent solution for the radiation field and for the gas temperatures using the condition of radiative equilibrium. The novel aspect of HERO is that it combines two techniques: 1) a short characteristics (SC) solver that quickly converges to a self consistent disc temperature and radiation field, with 2) a long characteristics (LC) solver that provides a more accurate solution for the radiation near the photosphere and in the optically thin regions. By combining these two techniques, we gain both the computational speed of SC and the high accuracy of LC. We present tests of HERO on a range of 1D, 2D and 3D problems in flat space and show that the results agree well with both analytical and benchmark solutions. We also test the ability of the code to handle relativistic problems in curved space. Finally, we discuss the important topic of ray-defects, a major limitation of the SC method, and describe our strategy for minimizing the induced error.

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Application of adaptive multi-frequency grids to three-dimensional astrophysical radiative transfer

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

The 2D continuum radiative transfer problem

The 2D continuum radiative transfer problem

Using 3D Voronoi grids in radiative transfer simulations

hero – A 3D general relativistic radiative post-processor for accretion discs around black holes

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