Application of acoustic emission method to detection of internal fracture of sealing rubber material by high-pressure hydrogen decompression

Yamabe, Junichiro; Matsumoto, Takashi; Nishimura, Shin

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2010.11.002

Cited by 63 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In previous studies, [11][12][13][14][15] we clarified that the internal fractures of rubbers have occurred as a result of high-pressure hydrogen decompression, and we estimated the hydrogen pressure at crack initiation in terms of fracture mechanics under the assumption that submicrometer-sized bubbles, which are hardly observed using optical microscopy, were formed from dissolved hydrogen molecules after decompression and grew to micrometer-size with the elapse of time after decompression; consequently, micrometer-sized cracks were initiated due to the stress concentration of the bubbles. Experimental data were successfully estimated under this assumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of carbon black on decompression failure and hydrogen permeation properties of filled ethylene‐propylene–diene–methylene rubbers exposed to high‐pressure hydrogen gas

Yamabe

Nishimura

2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Eight carbon black (CB)-filled ethylene-propylene-diene-methylene linkage (EPDM) rubbers were manufactured by varying the content and type of CB. Then, the relationship among crack damage caused by high-pressure hydrogen decompression, the hydrogen permeation properties, and the mechanical properties of the rubbers was investigated. The hydrogen gas permeability of the rubbers decreased with an increase in the CB content and depended little on primary particle size. In contrast, the hydrogen gas diffusivity and solubility depended on both the CB content and primary particle size, that is, the hydrogen gas diffusivity decreased with an increase in the CB content and a decrease in the primary particle size, and the hydrogen gas solubility increased with an increase in the CB content and a decrease in the primary particle size. As for the mechanical properties, the CB-filled rubbers were more strongly reinforced by an increase in the CB content and a decrease in the primary particle size. The crack damage by high-pressure hydrogen decompression became larger as the ratio of the hydrogen gas solubility to estimated internal pressure at crack initiation relating to the mechanical properties became larger. As a smaller CB particle increases the hydrogen gas solubility of EPDM rubbers, while at the same time it reinforces the rubbers, the crack damage in the CB-filled rubbers was not influenced by the primary particle size.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of carbon black on decompression failure and hydrogen permeation properties of filled ethylene‐propylene–diene–methylene rubbers exposed to high‐pressure hydrogen gas

Yamabe

Nishimura

2011

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…[11][12][13] For example, structural polymers such as HDPE are used as liners in high-pressure type IV hydrogen tanks [11][12][13] and in pipelines, 14 while elastomers are used in valves, sliding seals, and other components 15 for high-pressure hydrogen. 16,17 Unlike the case with metals and piezoelectrics, where there is an abundance of information on the hydrogen degradation mechanisms, there is little information in the literature about the detrimental effects of hydrogen on polymers. 15,[18][19][20] Hydrogen absorption in polymers differs from that of absorption in metals 3 in that very little, if any, disassociation is expected to occur within the material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this situation, the internal pressure of any hydrogen bubbles is now unbalanced by the external pressure and surface blistering can form. 16,17,19 More interestingly, for materials that survive explosive decompression without the formation of blisters, the material properties will recover gradually with time as the hydrogen diffuses out of the material. This time scale is of course highly dependent on the surface area and geometry of the polymer part, but is approximately 0.5 h for HDPE with cross-sections roughly 12.5 mm × 12.5 mm (1/2 in.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An in situ tensile test apparatus for polymers in high pressure hydrogen

Alvine

Kafentzis

Pitman

et al. 2014

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Degradation of material properties by high-pressure hydrogen is an important factor in determining the safety and reliability of materials used in high-pressure hydrogen storage and delivery. Hydrogen damage mechanisms have a time dependence that is linked to hydrogen outgassing after exposure to the hydrogen atmosphere that makes ex situ measurements of mechanical properties problematic. Designing in situ measurement instruments for high-pressure hydrogen is challenging due to known hydrogen incompatibility with many metals and standard high-power motor materials such as Nd. Here we detail the design and operation of a solenoid based in situ tensile tester under high-pressure hydrogen environments up to 42 MPa (6000 psi). Modulus data from high-density polyethylene samples tested under high-pressure hydrogen at 35 MPa (5000 psi) are also reported as compared to baseline measurements taken in air.

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“…It refers to the cavitation occurring during decompression of a gas‐saturated sample. This type of damage has been studied in thermoplastics and rubbers exposed to different gases as carbon dioxide , nitrogen , argon , methane , or hydrogen .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas environment effect on cavitation damage in stretched polyvinylidene fluoride

Boyer

Gerland

Castagnet

2013

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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The influence of gas sorption on damage nucleation of a semicrystalline polymer during coupled diffuso‐mechanical monotonic loading in tension was investigated for the first time. Alpha‐poly(vinylidene fluoride) was mechanically strained under the presence of two chemically different gases, hydrogen and carbon dioxide, at a temperature of 30°C and a pressure up to 120 bar. The cavitation damage at the microstructure scale after gas decompression was assessed from a careful SEM and TEM micrographs analysis. Compared with SEM, TEM allowed quantifying the smallest cavities (ten‐nanometer size). If decompression in hydrogen appeared to have only a slight effect on cavitation however, carbon dioxide showed a detrimental effect on damage nucleation with the exhibition of a significant population of small cavities. On the other hand, tension under gas pressure is more sensitive to hydrogen than to carbon dioxide. Once interaction with gaseous carbon dioxide takes place the plasticizing effect is in competition with damage by cavitation. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 54:2139–2146, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Application of acoustic emission method to detection of internal fracture of sealing rubber material by high-pressure hydrogen decompression

Cited by 63 publications

References 21 publications

Influence of carbon black on decompression failure and hydrogen permeation properties of filled ethylene‐propylene–diene–methylene rubbers exposed to high‐pressure hydrogen gas

Influence of carbon black on decompression failure and hydrogen permeation properties of filled ethylene‐propylene–diene–methylene rubbers exposed to high‐pressure hydrogen gas

An in situ tensile test apparatus for polymers in high pressure hydrogen

Gas environment effect on cavitation damage in stretched polyvinylidene fluoride

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