Application of a Zeolite Hemostatic Agent Achieves 100% Survival in a Lethal Model of Complex Groin Injury in Swine

Alam, Hasan B.; Chen, Zheng; Jaskille, Amín D.; Querol, R; Koustova, Elena; Inocencio, Ryan; Conran, Richard M.; Seufert, Adam; Ariaban, Nanna; Toruno, Kevin; Rhee, Peter

doi:10.1097/01.ta.0000127763.90890.31

Cited by 201 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…All catheters were maintained patent (0.9% saline solution at 5 mL /h). A temperature probe (Thermometer/Model BAT12; Physitemp, Clifton, NJ) was placed in the groin cavity to monitor change in temperature when the bleeding was started [7]. Vital signs were continuously recorded and rectal temperature was monitored and maintained between 37-39 C using a Bair Hugger device (model 505; Augustine Medical, Eden Prairie, MN).…”

Section: Animal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Standard dressing was placed over the test dressing, and the wound remained covered for the remainder of the experiment (3 h). A constant pressure of w200 mmHg (HM 28 pressure monitor; Dwyer, Michigan City, IN) was applied for 5 min following injury [7,8,11]. Then the pressure was released and the wound was closed by clamping the two skin flaps, leaving a residual pressure of approximately 35 mmHg.…”

Section: Treatment Monitoring and Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two injury models [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], a full femoral transection (including artery and vein) and a femoral artery puncture yield massive blood loss in the early phase of bleeding and severe hemorrhagic shock consequences if untreated. Our previous results indicated that dressing efficacy outcomes were different across these two injury models [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Combat Gauze and TraumaStat in Two Severe Groin Injury Models

Arnaud

Teranishi

Okada

et al. 2011

Journal of Surgical Research

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Background. Fabric-like hemostatic dressings offer promise for hemorrhage control in noncompressible areas, especially given their similarity in form to standard gauze currently in use. Recently, two such products, Combat Gauze (CBG) and TraumaStat (TMS), were introduced. Their performance is evaluated in two vascular injury models.Materials and Methods. The dressings were evaluated in anesthetized Yorkshire pigs, hemorrhaged by full transection of the femoral vasculature with 2 min free bleeding period (CBG [ 6, TMS [ 6) or by 4 mm femoral arterial puncture with 45 s free bleeding period (CBG [ 8, TMS [ 8). After injury, dressings were applied, followed by 5 min of manual compression and then 500 mL resuscitation fluid infused over 30 min. Vital signs, blood pressure, and blood loss were recorded throughout the 3-h experiment. Bleeding control was the primary outcome.Results. All animals had similar pretreatment mean arterial pressure (MAP) (w36.5 mmHg); pretreatment blood loss following injury was similar for both dressing groups in the two models [24% ± 8% estimated blood volume (EBV) 2 min after transection and 17% ± 4% EBV 45 s after puncture. Incidence of post-treatment bleeding, primarily occurring after release of manual compression or restoration of blood pressure, was more frequent in the puncture model (17% with both CBG and TMS) than the transection model (57% with CBG versus 75% with TMS). Post-treatment blood loss not controlled by the dressing was 19% ± 22% and 31% ± 17% EBV, for CBG and TMS, respectively. Survival rate was 100% for both dressings in the transection model, and was 88% for CBG and 50% for TMS in the puncture model.Conclusions. These findings indicated that CBG and TMS were similarly effective in improving hemostasis. These two fabric-like dressings showed easy application and removal, leaving a clean wound for surgical repair. Ó 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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Section: Animal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatment Monitoring and Data Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of Combat Gauze and TraumaStat in Two Severe Groin Injury Models

Arnaud

Teranishi

Okada

et al. 2011

Journal of Surgical Research

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“…Body temperature was monitored via a rectal probe and maintained at greater than 36 C using a forced air-warming blanket. A complex groin injury as described by Alam and colleagues was generated to simulate a penetrating injury [27]. The injury included dissection of the proximal thigh soft tissues including the skin, quadriceps, and adductor muscles to expose the femoral artery and vein just below the inguinal ligament.…”

Section: Induction/stabilization Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of BleedArrest, Celox, and TraumaDex on Hemorrhage Control in a Porcine Model

Gegel

Burgert

Cooley

et al. 2010

Journal of Surgical Research

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Background. Hemorrhage is the second leading cause of death in civilian trauma and the leading cause of preventable death in military trauma. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of three hemostatic agents: BleedArrest, TraumaDex, and Celox.Materials and Methods. This was a prospective, experimental study using male Yorkshire swine. The pigs (n [ 5 per group) were randomly assigned to one of the following: BleedArrest, TraumaDex, Celox, or control. To simulate a trauma injury, the investigators generated a complex groin injury with transection of the femoral artery and vein in all pigs. After 1 min of uncontrolled hemorrhage, one of the hemostatic agents was poured into the wound, followed by standard wound packing. The control group underwent the same procedures with the exception of the hemostatic agents. In all groups, 5 min of direct manual pressure was applied to the wound followed by a standard pressure dressing. After 30 min, dressings were removed, and the amount of bleeding was determined.Results. There were significant differences between the BleedArrest (mean [ 21.2, SD ± 36.6 mL) TraumaDex (mean [ 68, SD ± 103.5 mL) and Celox (mean [ 18.l6, SD ± 41.6 mL) groups compared with Control group (mean [ 230, SD ± 154 mL) (P < 0.05). However, there were no statistically significant difference between BleedArrest, TraumaDex, and Celox groups (P [ 0.478).Conclusions. BleedArrest, Celox, and TraumaDex were statistically and clinically superior at controlling hemorrhage compared with the standard pressure dressing in the control group. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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“…Emergency personnel and the military have it readily available. Heavy bleeding that occurs when femoral arteries are severed, can be stopped by ground up and sterilized zeolite [24]. Furthermore, studies are under way to confirm zeolite's affinity for radionucleides.…”

Section: Pharmaceuticals and Health Care Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Benefits of Geologic Materials and Geologic Processes

Finkelman¹

2011

Earth Science

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Abstract:The reemerging field of Medical Geology is concerned with the impacts of geologic materials and geologic processes on animal and human health. Most medical geology research has been focused on health problems caused by excess or deficiency of trace elements, exposure to ambient dust, and on other geologically related health problems or health problems for which geoscience tools, techniques, or databases could be applied. Little, if any, attention has been focused on the beneficial health effects of rocks, minerals, and geologic processes. These beneficial effects may have been recognized as long as two million years ago and include emotional, mental, and physical health benefits. Some of the earliest known medicines were derived from rocks and minerals. For thousands of years various clays have been used as an antidote for poisons. "Terra sigillata," still in use today, may have been the first patented medicine. Many trace elements, rocks, and minerals are used today in a wide variety of pharmaceuticals and health care products. There is also a segment of society that believes in the curative and preventative properties of crystals (talismans and amulets). Metals and trace elements are being used in some of today's most sophisticated medical applications. Other recent examples of beneficial effects of geologic materials and processes include epidemiological studies in Japan that have identified a wide range of health problems (such as muscle and joint pain, hemorrhoids, burns, gout, etc.) that may be treated by one or more of nine chemically distinct types of hot springs, and a study in China indicating that residential coal combustion may be mobilizing sufficient iodine to prevent iodine deficiency disease.

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Application of a Zeolite Hemostatic Agent Achieves 100% Survival in a Lethal Model of Complex Groin Injury in Swine

Abstract: The use of zeolite hemostatic agent (1% residual moisture, 3.5 oz) can control hemorrhage and dramatically reduce mortality from a lethal groin wound.

Cited by 201 publications

References 16 publications

Comparison of Combat Gauze and TraumaStat in Two Severe Groin Injury Models

Comparison of Combat Gauze and TraumaStat in Two Severe Groin Injury Models

The Effects of BleedArrest, Celox, and TraumaDex on Hemorrhage Control in a Porcine Model

Health Benefits of Geologic Materials and Geologic Processes

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