Application of a Polymer Gel System to Control Steam Breakthrough and Channeling

Hunter, Brad; Buell, R.S.; Abate, T.A.

doi:10.2118/24031-ms

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Owing to the ongoing depletion of light oil resources and the increasing global energy demand, major oil companies around the world have been paying much more attention to heavy oil for the last two decades . Several effective thermal techniques have been developed in oil industry to enhance heavy oil recoveries, such as cyclic steam stimulation (CSS), steam flooding, and steam‐assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐temperature‐resistant polymer gel system with metal–organic mixed cross‐linking agents

Zhang

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A high‐temperature (200°C)‐resistant polymer gel system was developed from partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM), chromium lactate (CrL), and water‐soluble phenol/formaldehyde resin (WPF) mixed cross‐linkers. Rheological measurements indicated that the gelation process of the gel system could be divided into four successive steps: induction, first cross‐linking with metal cross‐linker, secondary cross‐linking with organic cross‐linker, and stabilization. Effects of various parameters that affect the gelation time and gel strength including polymer concentration, cross‐linker concentration, salinity, pH, and the gelation temperature were evaluated. Gelant formulated with 0.5 wt % HPAM, 0.1 wt % CrL, and 0.9 wt % WPF and treated at 80°C for 48 h showed sufficient gelation time, high rigidity, and good thermal stability. Morphology observation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the gel had compact network microstructure. A cross‐linking mechanism for the gel system was proposed based on the gelation process and experimental results. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42261.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐temperature‐resistant polymer gel system with metal–organic mixed cross‐linking agents

Zhang

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…En la primera se inyectó un pequeño de volumen (<500 bbl) de solución poliacrilamida y entrecruzador orgánico con resultados positivos en menos de un mes (Hunter et al, 1992). Tres años más tarde, se implementó un nuevo sistema gel altamente concentrado (18-25%) de lignosulfonato, un desecho de la fabricación del papel.…”

Section: Inyección De Gelesunclassified

Técnicas para el mejoramiento de la inyección continua de vapor

Venera

Tarazona

Castelblanco

et al. 2017

revfue

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RESUMENUno de los principales desafíos en el desarrollo de un proceso de inyección continua de vapor es el control del frente de inyección. Dicho perfil es afectado principalmente por la canalización del vapor por zonas de alta permeabilidad, y el efecto gravitacional de override causado por la diferencia de densidades con los fluidos del yacimiento, los cuales impiden el contacto del vapor con volúmenes considerables de hidrocarburos disminuyendo de esta forma la eficiencia de barrido vertical. Estos fenómenos son favorecidos por algunas características de la formación como los grandes espesores y las heterogeneidades del yacimiento, y de no ser controlados y/o monitoreados correctamente, pueden afectar la viabilidad técnica y económica del proceso.Varias metodologías se han diseñado para hacer frente a esto problemas, entre ellas tenemos la inyección de surfactantes para la formación de espumas in situ, la cual busca reducir la movilidad del vapor; el uso de geles térmicos, para el taponamiento de canales de alta permeabilidad; la inyección de solventes, usado para mejorar la movilidad del aceite; y la inyección de agua alternada con vapor (WASP), para el barrido de la zona tanto superior como inferior de la formación. Este artículo recopila aspectos relevantes de cada una de las técnicas mencionadas, a partir de los cuales es presentada una comparación tomando como criterios la cantidad de aplicaciones, producción incremental y costo de implementación. TECHNIQUES FOR STEAMFLOODING IMPROVEMENT ABSTRACTOne of the main challenges in developing a process of continuous steam injection is to control the injection profile. Said profile is strongly affected by steam channeling to "thief zones" and the gravitational effect of override, both are characterized by preventing contact of the steam with reservoir zones containing considerable amounts of hydrocarbons thus decreasing the vertical sweep efficiency. These phenomena are favored by some features of the formation such as large thickness and reservoir heterogeneities and may affect the technical and economic feasibility of the project if they are not controlled and / or monitored properly.Several methodologies have been designed to address this problem. Among them are injecting surfactants for the formation of in situ foam, which seeks to reduce the mobility of steam; using thermal gels, for plugging high permeability channels; injection of solvents, used to enhance oil mobility; and water-alternating-steam injection (WASP) for scavenging of both upper and lower zone of the formation. This article collects relevant aspects of the mentioned methods, and a comparison is made in base of the number of applications, incremental production and implementation cost.

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“…Under the environment, the substitution reaction, condensation reaction and crosslinking reaction occur between the molecules. Eventually, the reactants generate a kind of semisolid quaternary copolymer gel colloid with pyknotic space mesh structure, which is the main reason of its high temperature resistance [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: The Development Of Plugging Agent Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Performance Evaluation of Steam Channeling Plugging Agent of Thermal Oil Recovery

Wang¹,

Sun²,

He³

et al. 2015

TOPEJ

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Under the constraints of high temperature and heterogeneity, the common profile control agent can not effectively plug the steam channeling. To address this issue, it is necessary to develop the high temperature resistance steam channeling plugging agent to improve the steam suction profile in the heavy oil reservoir. This paper used Simple Variable Method to optimize the content of the components of the high temperature resistant plugging agent. Static performances evaluation aims to study the influence rules of the formation condition (temperature, salinity and pH value). Dynamic evaluation is used to study its performance (plugging ratio, residual resistance factor, scouring resistance and thermal stability) in the sand-filled pipe to testify its applicability. The ratio of the component and the injection sequence are shown as follows: 0.03% coagulant +2.2% cross-linking agent I + 1.2% cross-linking II + 6% high efficient main agent. The evaluation experiment results show that the gel can resist at least 280 o C, the plugging ratio is above 93.1%. The plugging ratio only have a 8.43% reduction after scoured by 15 PV steam (280 o C). After a 10-day thermal stability experiment (280 o C), the plugging ratio is still above 80%. The result indicated that the plugging agent is suitable for the improvement of steam suction profile. The suggested way of injection is also provided.

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Application of a Polymer Gel System to Control Steam Breakthrough and Channeling

Cited by 27 publications

References 17 publications

High‐temperature‐resistant polymer gel system with metal–organic mixed cross‐linking agents

High‐temperature‐resistant polymer gel system with metal–organic mixed cross‐linking agents

Técnicas para el mejoramiento de la inyección continua de vapor

Development and Performance Evaluation of Steam Channeling Plugging Agent of Thermal Oil Recovery

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