Application of a New Peroxide Indicator Reaction to the Specific, Automated Determination of Glucose with Glucose Oxidase

The effects of continuous vs. rotational stocking of bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge), previous winter nutritional regimen {corn (Zea mays L.) + soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] meal (CS) vs. soybean meal (SBM)}, and breed [Angus, Hereford, and Senepol (Bos taurus) and Brahman (B. indicus)] were determined in 1990 to 1992. Forage mass [kg ha−1 dry matter (DM)], forage nutritive value [crude protein (CP) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD)], average daily gain (ADG), body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), and plasma urea N (PUN) and glucose (PGLU) were measured. There was a consistent carryover effect (P < 0.05) of winter supplementation for initial BW and BCS, with CS > SBM while for PUN, SBM > CS. Breed affected most animal variables, with the general ranking of Angus ≤ Hereford ≤ Brahman and Senepol. Forage mass varied from an average of 1000 kg ha−1 in 1990 to 2000 kg ha−1 in 1992 because of rainfall distribution. Grazing treatment did not affect forage DM, CP, or IVOMD, but heifers that were continuously grazed had higher (P = 0.0001) PUN levels than heifers that were rotationally grazed. Only during 1990, when dry weather restricted forage growth, did this translate into a trend for improved ADG and final BW. Because grazing management did not affect heifer performance in most years, the effects noted in this study resulted from: (i) the change in forage nutritive value during the grazing season; (ii) the carryover effect of previous winter supplementation; and (iii) breed differences, particularly temperate vs. tropical breeds.

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“…Method 339–19, Technicon Ind. Syst., Tarrytown, NY) based on the glucose oxidase procedure described by Gochman and Schmitz (1972)…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet Quality and Performance of Heifers in the Subtropics

Williams¹,

Chase²,

Hammond

2002

Agronomy Journal

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“…An ANKOM Daisy II Incubator (ANKOM Technology) and an ANKOM 200 Fiber Analyzer were used to determine IVTD (ANKOM, 2005). Plasma glucose (Gochman and Schmidz, 1972) and PUN (Coulombe and Favreau, 1963) concentrations were measured using a Technicon Autoanalyzer II (Bran-Luebbe).…”

Section: Chemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Beef Cattle Creep Fed Concentrate or Creep Grazed on Warm‐Season Legumes

et al. 2013

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This study compared the animal performance of beef calves stocked on bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flüggé) basal pastures (1.2 ha) without supplementation (Control) or with supplementation in the form of creep‐grazed (0.12 ha) perennial peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) or cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] or a creep‐fed concentrate. Twenty‐four cow–calf pairs were assigned to two blocks. Cows weighed 559 ± 98 kg, averaged 5.5 ± 0.6 body condition score, and were 5 ± 3 yr old, and calves weighed 152 ± 32 kg and were 139 ± 27 d old. The first block had duplicate pastures for the control, cowpea creep grazing, and creep feed treatments whereas the second block had duplicate pastures for cowpea, perennial peanut, and the control treatments. Herbage mass of cowpea was greater than that of perennial peanut or bahiagrass in Weeks 2 to 4 in Year 1 and Week 4 in Year 2 and then declined. The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentrations of cowpea and perennial peanut were less than that of bahiagrass, and crude protein and in vitro true digestibility of cowpea were consistently greater than that of perennial peanut and bahiagrass. In Year 1, weaned calf body weights of creep‐grazed or creep‐fed calves were greater than that of the control calves and creep grazing cowpea or creep feed resulted in similar increases in Year 2. Calf average daily gain (ADG) was greatest for creep feed but did not differ among other treatments. Calf performance was improved by creep feeding concentrate followed by creep grazing cowpea. Benefits of cowpea on ADG were constrained by reduction in cowpea herbage mass and nutritive value during the grazing period.

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“…Protein was determined by the Coomassie blue dye-binding method (Bradford, 1976). Glucose was measured by the glucose oxidase method in a Beckman glucose analyser (Beckman Instruments, Fullerton, CA, USA) (Gochman & Schmitz, 1972). Transferrin was determined by the immunonephelometric assay (Buffone, Lewis, Losefsohn & Hicks, 1978).…”

Section: Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sympatho‐adrenal secretion in humans: factors governing catecholamine and storage vesicle peptide co‐release *

Takiyyuddin

Brown

Dinh

et al. 1994

Journal of Autonomic Pharmacology

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1. In postganglionic sympathetic neurones and adrenal chromaffin cells, catecholamines are co-stored in vesicles with soluble peptides, including chromogranin A (CgA) and neuropeptide Y (NPY), which are subject to exocytotic co-release with catecholamines. 2. Plasma catecholamine, CgA and NPY responses to stimulators and inhibitors of sympatho-adrenal catecholamine storage and release were measured in humans. Short-term, high-intensity dynamic exercise, prolonged low-intensity dynamic exercise, and assumption of the upright posture, in decreasing order of potency, predominantly stimulated noradrenaline (NA) release from sympathetic nerve endings. Only high-intensity exercise elevated CgA and NPY, which did not peak until 2 min after exercise cessation. Stimulated NA correlated with plasma CgA 2 min after exercise, and with NPY 5 min after exercise. 3. Insulin-evoked hypoglycaemia and caffeine ingestion, in decreasing order of potency, predominantly stimulated adrenaline (AD) release from the adrenal medulla. During insulin hypoglycaemia AD and CgA rose, but NPY was unchanged. Neither NPY nor CgA were altered by caffeine. The rise in CgA after intense adrenal medullary stimulation was greater than its rise after intense sympathetic neuronal stimulation (1.4-versus 1.2-fold, respectively). 4. Infusion of tyramine, which disrupts sympathetic neuronal vesicular NA storage, elevated systolic blood pressure and NA, while NPY and CgA were unchanged. After reserpine, another disruptor of neuronal NA storage, NA transiently rose and then fell; NPY and CgA were unaltered. After the non-exocytotic adrenal medullary secretory stimulus glucagon. AD rose while NA, CgA and NPY did not change. After amantadine, an inhibitor of protein endocytosis, both CgA and fibrinogen rose, while NA and NPY remained unaltered. Neither CgA, NPY, nor catecholamines were altered by the catecholamine uptake and catabolism inhibitors desipramine, cortisol, and pargyline. 5. Human sympathetic nerve contained a far higher ratio of NPY to catecholamines than human adrenal medulla, while adrenal medulla contained far more CgA than sympathetic nerve. 6. It is concluded that peptides are differentially co-stored with catecholamines, with greater abundance of CgA in the adrenal medulla and NPY in sympathetic nerve. Activation of catecholamine release from either the adrenal medulla or sympathetic nerves, therefore, results in quite different changes in plasma concentrations of the catecholamine storage vesicle peptides CgA and NPY. Only profound, intense stimulation of chromaffin cells or sympathetic axons measurably perturbs plasma CgA or NPY concentration; lesser degrees of stimulation perturb plasma catecholamines only. Neither CgA nor NPY are released during non-exocytotic catecholamine secretion.

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Application of a New Peroxide Indicator Reaction to the Specific, Automated Determination of Glucose with Glucose Oxidase

Cited by 255 publications

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Diet Quality and Performance of Heifers in the Subtropics

Diet Quality and Performance of Heifers in the Subtropics

Performance of Beef Cattle Creep Fed Concentrate or Creep Grazed on Warm‐Season Legumes

Sympatho‐adrenal secretion in humans: factors governing catecholamine and storage vesicle peptide co‐release *

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