Application of a Metabolic Thinking Driven Sustainability Framework in Early-Stage Planning of Eco-City

Abstract

The fast urbanization rate together with increasing global population and consumption is challenging the long-term sustainability of our social systems and supporting ecosystems on earth. The signs of instability can be seen in environmental degradation, e.g., climate change and loss of biodiversity. Also, the increasing use of materials and energy creates competition and international conflicts. The success of international agreements to handle the global problems has been limited. This is because deeply entrenched economic and political interests are involved. Political leaders are locked up to promises of economic growth and increasing welfare. Through globalization, resources and products are transported long distances and it is becoming hard to distinguish between local and global effects. This makes people feel that the overall situation is so complicated, so they cannot affect it. Bringing things closer to people will create more awareness and can create enormous opportunities for new ideas and business to solve the existing problems. The United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals are focused on reducing poverty in the world. China has succeeded in reducing poverty on a massive scale through fast economic growth but to the price of increased use of virgin resources and environmental degradation. It seems more and more urgent to develop support models for urban development on a local scale focusing on urban metabolism. As sustainable development involves many normative decisions, participatory planning and cross-sectoral planning will be needed to ensure that conflicts between goals can be resolved. The Swedish Green Building Council has, together with more than one thousand actors, developed a recent model for the support of sustainable urban planning called CITYLAB. This has been used in a case study in the city of Changzhou in China. The case study reveals several barriers in Chinese planning when it comes to implementing more of horizontal planning practices.

Application of the new Swedish planning support system Citylab to a Chinese urban case

“…The urban catalyst theory holds that urban design projects are not only a final product but also an important element that can stimulate and guide subsequent development. In the process of urban planning and construction, planners pay attention to the protection of urban structure and characteristics, emphasize bottom-up mobilization and residents' participation Citylab (Dubbeling, 2009), respect the inner order and laws of the city and grasp the core issues of regional systems (Wennersten et al, 2019). Tianning District of Changzhou City has great potential to generate catalyst points through its characteristic "three rivers and four cities" urban form and may become a booming district due to its ecological network and active lifestyle.…”