Application of a glyphosate-based herbicide to Phragmites australis: Impact on groundwater and near-shore lake water at a beach on Georgian Bay

Crowe, Allan S.; Leclerc, Natalie; Struger, John; Brown, Scott

doi:10.1016/j.jglr.2011.08.001

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…The relatively high concentrations of glyphosate in shallow groundwater at multiple depths at these two sites likely resulted from recent nearby herbicide applications to agricultural land. In previous studies, elevated glyphosate concentrations were observed in shallow groundwater within meters of locations where this herbicide had recently (within days to weeks) been applied at utility sites, along a railway line and at a beach …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In previous studies, elevated glyphosate concentrations were observed in shallow groundwater within meters of locations where this herbicide had recently (within days to weeks) been applied at utility sites, 6 along a railway line 7 and at a beach. 24 The relationship between depth below ground and detection of glyphosate and AMPA in upland groundwater is shown in Fig. 3.…”

Section: Upland Groundwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shorter‐term groundwater monitoring for glyphosate has been conducted at sites where the herbicide was applied at electrical utility stations in Newfoundland, Canada, and both glyphosate and AMPA were monitored along a railway embankment in Sweden . Similarly, Crowe et al monitored glyphosate and AMPA in groundwater after its application to control Phragmites australis at a beach along a lake shoreline in Ontario, Canada. All three of these short‐term studies observed some elevated concentrations of glyphosate (maxima ranging from 1.42 to 45 µg L −1 ) and AMPA (maxima ranging from 0.62 to 0.81 µg L −1 ) when analyzed in groundwater within days to weeks of the herbicide applications, although they were not observed under poorly drained soil in Newfoundland, or in tests with the lowest herbicide application rate in Sweden .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Börjesson and Torstensson observed declines in both glyphosate and AMPA concentrations in groundwater at one Swedish site, from detections at 14 days to non‐detections at 105 days, but persistence of both compounds through the entire monitoring period of 503 days at another location. In very shallow groundwater beneath a beach, Crowe et al reported rapid attenuation, most of the glyphosate and AMPA disappearing within a few weeks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glyphosate residues in rural groundwater, Nottawasaga River Watershed, Ontario, Canada

Stempvoort

Spoelstra

Senger

et al. 2016

Pest Management Science

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The glyphosate/AMPA detections in riparian seeps demonstrated that these compounds are persistent enough to allow groundwater to store and transmit glyphosate residues to surface waters. Detections in the wetlands support earlier evidence that atmospheric transport and deposition may lead to glyphosate contamination of environments not intended as targets of applications. This interpretation is further supported by detections of both glyphosate and AMPA in precipitation samples collected in the same watershed. © 2016 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada Pest Management Science © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Upland Groundwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Glyphosate residues in rural groundwater, Nottawasaga River Watershed, Ontario, Canada

Stempvoort

Spoelstra

Senger

et al. 2016

Pest Management Science

Self Cite

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“…Trin. Ex Steud); henceforth P. australis), limiting herbicide-based control to areas 101 where there is no standing water (e.g., Crowe et al, 2011). Phragmites australis has a wide range 102 of environmental tolerances and has become widespread in Canada (Catling and Mitrow, 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate used to control invasivePhragmites australisin standing water poses little risk to aquatic biota

Robichaud

Rooney

2020

Preprint

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When an invasive wetland grass degrades a Ramsar wetland and Important Bird Area, decisive management action is called for. To limit the extent and spread of European Phragmites australis, the Ontario government began the first, large-scale application of glyphosate (Roundup Custom®) over standing water to control an invasive species in Canadian history. Between 2016 and 2018, over 1000 ha of marsh were treated. To assess the risk this herbicide presented to aquatic biota, we measured the concentration of glyphosate, its primary breakdown product aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), and the alcohol ethoxylate-based adjuvant Aquasurf® in water and sediments in areas of the highest exposure risk and up to 150 m into adjacent bays. We never detected glyphosate or AMPA at concentrations exceeding thresholds of toxicological concern. The maximum observed concentration of glyphosate in water was 0.320 ppm, occurring within 24 hr of application. The maximum glyphosate concentration in sediment was 0.250 ppm, occurring within 30 days of application. AMPA was detectable in water and sediment, indicating microbial breakdown of glyphosate in the marsh, but at low concentrations (maxwater = 0.025 ppm, maxsed = 0.012 ppm). The maximum distance from the point of application at which glyphosate was detected in the water was 100 m, vs. 0 m for AMPA. Concentrations in water returned to pre-treatment levels (<DL) within 20-30 days of application. In sediment, glyphosate residue persisted above detection limits (>0.005 ppm) for over one year but less than two years. Concentrations of alcohol ethoxylates were variable in space and time, following a pattern that could not be attributed to Aquasurf® application. The direct, over-water application of Roundup Custom® with Aquasurf® to control invasive P. australis does not pose a toxicological risk to aquatic biota.HighlightsGlyphosate-based herbicide was applied directly to >1000 ha of marsh to control invasive P. australisGlyphosate and AMPA did not reach levels of toxicological concern for aquatic biotaAquasurf® exceedances were observed but could not be attributed to P. australis control activityGlyphosate, AMPA, and Aquasurf® dispersed no more than 100 m from the point of applicationGlyphosate, AMPA and Aquasurf® in water returned to baseline levels within 30 days of applicationGlyphosate, AMPA and Aquasurf® in sediment returned to baseline levels within 2 years

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Aquatic hazard assessment of MON 0818, a commercial mixture of alkylamine ethoxylates commonly used in glyphosate‐containing herbicide formulations. Part 1: Species sensitivity distribution from laboratory acute exposures

Rodríguez‐Gil

Prosser

Poirier

et al. 2016

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract:The sensitivity of 15 aquatic species, including primary producers, benthic invertebrates, cladocerans, mollusks, and fish, to MON 0818, a commercial surfactant mixture of polyoxyethylene tallow amines, was evaluated in standard acute (48-96-h) laboratory tests. In addition, the potential for chronic toxicity (8 d) was evaluated with Ceriodaphnia dubia. Exposure concentrations were confirmed. No significant effects on any endpoint were observed in the chronic test. A tier-1 hazard assessment was conducted by comparing species sensitivity distributions based on the generated data, as well as literature data, with 4 exposure scenarios. This assessment showed moderate levels of hazard (43.1% of the species exposed at or above median effective concentration levels), for a chosen worst-case scenario-unintentional direct over-spray of a 15-cm-deep body of water with the maximum label application rate for the studied formulations (Roundup Original, Vision Forestry Herbicide; 12 L formulation ha À1 , equivalent to 4.27 kg acid equivalent [a.e.] ha À1 ). The hazard decreased to impairment of 20.9% of species under the maximum application rate for more typical uses (6 L formulation ha À1 , 2.14 kg a.e. ha À1 ), and down to 6.9% for a more frequently employed application rate (2.5 L formulation ha À1 , 0.89 kg a.e. ha À1 ). Finally, the percentage (3.8%) was less than the hazardous concentration for 5% of the species based on concentrations of MON 0818 calculated from maximum measured concentrations of glyphosate in the environment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:501-511. # 2016 SETAC

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Application of a glyphosate-based herbicide to Phragmites australis: Impact on groundwater and near-shore lake water at a beach on Georgian Bay

Cited by 18 publications

References 34 publications

Glyphosate residues in rural groundwater, Nottawasaga River Watershed, Ontario, Canada

Glyphosate residues in rural groundwater, Nottawasaga River Watershed, Ontario, Canada

Glyphosate used to control invasivePhragmites australisin standing water poses little risk to aquatic biota

Aquatic hazard assessment of MON 0818, a commercial mixture of alkylamine ethoxylates commonly used in glyphosate‐containing herbicide formulations. Part 1: Species sensitivity distribution from laboratory acute exposures

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