Application of a device used for observation of controlled thermal processes in a furnace

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The exposure of winter triticale to cold promotes genotype-dependent resistance to fungal pathogen. We present the evidence that structural and chemical modifications of the cell wall components induced by cold can be correlated with the resistance against fungal infection. Our results showed that cellulose of hardened triticale cv. Hewo (able to develop resistance after cold treatment) has more compact and integrated structure, thicker and longer fibres when compared to cv. Magnat (susceptible to fungal infection despite plant hardening). Such structure of cellulose limits water sorption, favours stronger bonding the water of crystallisation to macromolecules, impedes depolymerisation process during decomposition, and finally results in higher thermal stability of cell wall. Furthermore, the lignin composition is drastically modified in resistant plants. Pattern of the thermal decomposition indicates higher molecular mass and more complex structure of lignin, followed by the higher thermal stability. We conclude that specific structure of lignocellulosic cell wall of the resistant plants forms a barrier for fungal enzymes digesting host tissue as well as can resist better the mechanical pressure of hyphae.

Section: Stability Of Ligninsupporting

confidence: 69%

Cold-induced changes in cell wall stability determine the resistance of winter triticale to fungal pathogen Microdochium nivale

Szechyńska‐Hebda

Hebda

Mirek

et al. 2016

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“…Subsequently, at a temperature range of 220-350°C, the effects associated with the dehydroxylation process are observed. This is evidenced by the increase in water vapour content (m/z 18), in the mentioned temperature range, and a weak endotherm effect reaching a minimum at approximately 287°C [15,16]. This effect is characteristic of goethite iron hydroxides.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Characterisation of post-production raw material from the Raciszyn II deposit as a material suitable for the production of alkaline-activated materials

Łach

Hebdowska-Krupa

Stefańska

et al. 2019

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The clay is the basic raw material used in the production of a wide range of ceramic products. However, global guidelines encourage limiting the consumption of natural resources in the production process. For this reason, research is being conducted in developing technologies that enable the production of full-value products by using post-process materials. The article presents the properties of post-production clay sourced from the Jurassic limestone Raciszyn II deposit. In this study, the results of mineralogical (X-ray diffraction) and chemical (X-ray fluorescence) analysis of post-production raw material will be presented. In addition, the leachability in water and the natural radioactivity of the material were established, which determines the possibility of using the raw material in building applications. It was found that, because of the presence of minerals from the kaolinite group in the post-production raw material from Raciszyn II deposit, it is suitable for the production of alkaline-activated materials. However, it was necessary to determine the temperature range of its thermal treatment. The processes occurring in the post-production raw material during its heating were characterised by means of thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis and mass spectroscopy thermal analysis-coupled techniques. The compressive strength properties of alkali-activated materials, produced from the post-process material from Raciszyn, analysed after 14 and 28 days of curing, were also presented.

“…Simultaneous thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry (TG/DSC) was performed with an STA 409 CD (Netzsch) by virtue of advanced coupling TG/DSC with evolved gas analysis by quadruple mass spectrometry (QMS 403/5 SKIMMER). The apparatus was calibrated according to the procedure given in [19]. The temperature range was from 30 to 1000°C and a heating rate of 10°C min -1 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal analysis of the by-products of waste combustion

Łach

Mikuła

Hebda

2016

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Every year, vast amounts of wastes are produced in households and in industrial facilities. Therefore, waste thermal treatment has become one of the most effective and popular methods of waste disposal and waste management. However, it inevitably leads to the creation of solid by-products, as ash and slag often containing substances which are toxic and harmful for environment. Hence, they must be further processed to be deprived of undesirable properties. In order to effectively bind or neutralize such materials, one should thoroughly know their properties. Unfortunately, they can vary greatly depending on the particular combusted material and combustion system. Yet, the detailed properties of the byproducts of waste combustion may be thoroughly examined by means of combined methods of thermal analysis. The results of the research presented in this paper concern the possibility of determining the properties and detailed characteristics of waste combustion by-products by means of the combined techniques of thermal analysis. The examination was conducted on: dust from the boiler, bottom slag and ash, and solid waste from the exhaust gas cleaning. Test samples were obtained from one of the largest hazardous waste incineration plants in Poland. The investigated materials have undergone coupled thermal analysis (mass spectrometer connected with TG and DSC), which allowed for the detailed interpretation of the processes taking place during the examination of their thermal resistance. Moreover, morphology of the waste materials were analysed by SEM. Particle size distribution was determined by means of laser diffraction. Furthermore, content of harmful substances was examined.