Application of a competition model to the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis in binary continuous culture

Kemp, Christopher W.; Robrish, Stanley A.; Curtis, Michael; Sharer, S A; Bowen, Willis H.

doi:10.1128/aem.45.4.1277-1282.1983

Cited by 21 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Indeed, increasing the amount of arginine available to glucose-limited cultures of S. sanguis increases the endogenous metabolic activity (unpublished data) in contrast to cultures of S. mutans, which metabolize arginine at much slower rates, have little GlP formation capability, and have low endogenous metabolic activity. In addition, this would explain the higher molar growth yields of S. sanguis growing on glucose compared with those of S. mutans (31) because the former generates more intracellular glycogen, which increases the relative cell weight. Therefore, contrary to reports with other bacteria (39), glycogen formation in oral streptococci may be regulated at the GlP formation step and not at the level of ADP glucose synthesis.…”

Section: Kj)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of glucose metabolism in oral streptococci through independent pathways of glucose 6-phosphate and glucose 1-phosphate formation

Keevil¹,

Marsh²,

Ellwood³

1984

J Bacteriol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In vivo rates of glucose uptake and acid production by oral streptococci grown in glucose- or nitrogen-limited continuous culture and batch culture were compared with the glucose phosphorylation activities of harvested, decryptified cells. The strains examined contained significant phosphoenolpyruvate-phosphotransferase system (PTS) activity, measured by a glucose 6-phosphate (G6P) dehydrogenase-linked assay procedure, but this activity was insufficient to account for the in vivo glucose uptake rates. However, ATP was a superior phosphoryl donor to phosphoenolpyruvate, and unlike the PTS, phosphoryl transfer with ATP was insensitive to bacteriostatic concentrations of chlorhexidine, suggesting glucokinase-mediated G6P formation. Again, G6P formation from the PTS and glucokinase reactions was not commensurate with some of the glucose uptake rates observed, implying that other phosphorylation reactions must be occurring. Two novel reactions involving carbamyl phosphate and acetyl phosphate were identified in some of the strains. No G6P formation was detected with these potential phosphoryl donors, but in the presence of phosphoglucomutase, glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) formation was evident, which was insensitive to chlorhexidine. G1P is a precursor of glycogen, and good correlation was obtained between G1P formation activity and endogenous metabolism of washed cells measured either as a rate of acid production at a constant pH 7 or as a decrease in pH with time in the absence of titrant. A "league table" of abilities to synthesize G1P and produce acid from endogenous metabolism was compiled for oral streptococci grown in batch culture. This indicated that Streptococcus mutans Ingbritt and Streptococcus sanguis Challis were unable to form G1P or produce much acid endogenously, whereas increasing activities were obtained with Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sanguis, and Streptococcus mitis. In particular, S. mitis had the highest G1P formation activities and was able to decrease the pH to less than 5 in 15 min by endogenous metabolism alone. The data are consistent with the intracellular accumulation of free glucose driven by proton motive force when PTS activities are low and the subsequent phosphorylation to either G6P for metabolism via glycolysis or G1P for glycogen biosynthesis. The accumulation of acetyl phosphate during glucose-limited growth and the availability of arginine for catabolism to carbamyl phosphate provide an explanation as to why some glucose-limited oral streptococci continue to synthesize glycogen under these conditions, which might prevail in plaque.

show abstract

Section: Kj)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of glucose metabolism in oral streptococci through independent pathways of glucose 6-phosphate and glucose 1-phosphate formation

Keevil¹,

Marsh²,

Ellwood³

1984

J Bacteriol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Arginine catabolism has been linked to the formation, by some oral streptococci, of glycogen (21) and is efficiently coupled to growth in Streptococcus lactis, S. milleri, and S. sanguis (4,33,36). The effects of arginine might explain the dominance, particularly at slower growth rates, of organisms such as S. milleri and S. sanguis in glucose-limited mixed continuous cultures of oral microorganisms (22,24). Further, it has been argued that the ability to utilize arginine is related to the clinical observation that the proportions of S. sanguis increase and those of S. mutans decrease in subjects consuming a protein-rich diet devoid of carbohydrate (36).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of growth parameters for some oral bacteria grown in continuous culture under glucose-limiting conditions

Rogers¹,

Jong²,

Zilm³

et al. 1986

Infect Immun

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The coexistence of bacteria in natural environments can often be explained in terms of competition for a growth-limiting substrate(s), and the outcome of such competition depends upon relevant growth parameters such as substrate affinity and yield. Dental plaque bacteria are frequently carbon and energy limited. Growth parameters for seven oral Sreptococcus species and one Actinomyces viscosus strain were estimated under glucose-limited conditions in continuous culture. In all strains, mixed-acid fermentation occurred at low growth rates, while amounts of lactate increased at higher growth rates. Two important growth parameters, ulmax and Ygi,cose, were very similar in the two serotype c Streptococcus mutans strains (T8 and Ingbritt), one of the serotype d/g Streptococcus mutans strains (OMZ65), and the two Streptococcus milledi strains (699B3 and B448). Two other serotype d/g S. mutans strains (KIR and B13) were divergent from this group and had lower ILmax values and a lower YglU,O,e. The maintenance energy coefficients were lower in the S. mutans serotype c

show abstract

“…The chemostat is the ideal tool for maintaining defined, reproducible environments but its use in the dental field has been limited mainly to investigating pure cultures (see Keevil et a/. 1983) or simple combinations of two or three bacterial species (Mikx & van der Hoeven 1975;Kemp et al 1983;van der Hoeven et al 1984). Plaque consists of a complex community of oral bacteria, however, and several studies have indicated that such communities can be maintained for several weeks in continuous culture (Brown et al 1978;Marsh et al 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial film formation: dental plaque deposition on acrylic tiles using continuous culture techniques

Keevil

Bradshaw

Dowsett

et al. 1987

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A chemostat system has been developed to model the attachment of oral bacteria, and the subsequent development of plaque film, to acrylic surfaces immersed in steady state cultures. Plaque was removed from the teeth and gingival margin of volunteers who refrained from oral hygiene for at least 72 h. Samples were pooled and inoculated into a complex growth medium maintained at 37 degrees C. Glucose-limited continuous culture was established at a dilution rate of 0.05/h and at pH 7.0. Microbiological analysis of the culture indicated that a complex community of oral bacteria was established, typical of that found in dental plaque. Acrylic tiles were immersed in the fermenter through a modified fermenter head and incubated therein for up to 21 d. Scanning electron microscopy showed that either side of the tiles contained a rough and a smooth surface and these initially favoured the attachment of fusiform bacteria, particularly on the rough surface. Cocci attached to those surfaces which were not heavily colonized by the fusiforms and eventually grew into and on the colonial sheets of the fusiforms.

show abstract

Application of a competition model to the growth of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguis in binary continuous culture

Cited by 21 publications

References 15 publications

Regulation of glucose metabolism in oral streptococci through independent pathways of glucose 6-phosphate and glucose 1-phosphate formation

Regulation of glucose metabolism in oral streptococci through independent pathways of glucose 6-phosphate and glucose 1-phosphate formation

Estimation of growth parameters for some oral bacteria grown in continuous culture under glucose-limiting conditions

Microbial film formation: dental plaque deposition on acrylic tiles using continuous culture techniques

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About