Application of a Biomodifier as Fog Sealants to Delay Ultraviolet Aging of Bituminous Materials

Zadshir, Mehdi; Hosseinnezhad, Shahrzad; Ortega, Ruben; Chen, Fangliang; Hochstein, Daniel; Xie, Jeff; Yin, Huiming; Parast, Mahour Mellat; Fini, Ellie H.

doi:10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0002483

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In an obvious manner, asphalt binder stiffness increased when exposed to aging processes of RTFOT and RTFOT + PAV (softening point and viscosity increased, and penetration and ductility decreased). These physical changes are coherent to those that are widely reported by other researchers [2,9,[39][40][41]. Additionally, specific gravity increased mainly because during aging, asphalt binders tend to increase their molecular weight [42] and its LMS (large molecular size) [5,41,43,44].…”

Section: Gradations Of Hmassupporting

confidence: 87%

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Influence of Gradation on the Mechanical Properties of Aged Hot-Mix Asphalts

2021

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When a hot-mix asphalt (HMA) ages, its mechanical properties, resistance, and durability change. Several studies have been conducted throughout the world to evaluate the effects of aging in HMAs. However, few studies have analyzed the influence of gradation. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of gradation on the mechanical properties of aged HMA mixes. For such purposes, three HMA mixes with different gradations were manufactured (named HMA-10, HMA-19, and HMA-25), which were conditioned in STOA (short-term oven aging) and LTOA (long-term oven aging) by following the guidelines established by the AASHTO R30 specification. Marshall, Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), resilient modulus, permanent deformation, fatigue (under controlled-stress condition), and Cantabro tests were performed. These tests were carried out to evaluate resistance under monotonic and cyclic load as well as the resistance to moisture damage and abrasion. The best performing mix in the test was HMA-19. There is no clear trend about the influence of gradation over the susceptibility of mixes for aging. This susceptibility changes depending on the test performed and the property measured. Furthermore, in resilient modulus tests, it is observed that the influence of gradation on aging susceptibility changes depending on the test temperature.

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Section: Gradations Of Hmassupporting

confidence: 87%

“…During this stage, asphalt continues to oxidize and age. This aging process is named "long term" [2][3][4]. According to [5,6], changes in micro-mechanical properties, adhesion properties, and chemical properties are more significant in the long term than in the short term.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Gradation on the Mechanical Properties of Aged Hot-Mix Asphalts

2021

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“…Most studies on this topic have examined bitumen aged in a laboratory under elevated temperatures and air pressure in a rolling thin-film oven or pressure aging vessel (PAV) . However, more attention is beginning to be paid to the effects of water and sunlight that may result in different chemical changes. − Ultraviolet (UV) radiation in particular can break chemical bonds and initiate reactions that might otherwise be unlikely to occur under standard PAV conditions. − However, a major challenge in studying UV-induced aging of bitumen is that the effects are highly dependent on depth. Dynamic shear rheometry of UV-aged bitumen showed an increase in viscosity when the films were 150 μm or thinner. , X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements showed an enrichment in oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen within the first few hundred nanometers of the surface .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Morphology and Chemical Mapping of UV-Aged Thin Films of Bitumen

Hung

Fini

2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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This study decouples effects of ultraviolet (UV) exposure on the surface and bulk properties of bituminous composites. UV exposure accelerates oxidative aging of bitumen, but its effects are concentrated mostly at the surface of the bitumen. Here, we examine morphology and chemical composition of the surfaces of non-aged thin films of bitumen and UV-aged thin films of bitumen using combined atomic force microscopy (AFM) and photothermal infrared (AFM−IR) spectroscopy; we further compare the findings with those of bulk properties measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The study results showed that the surfaces of non-aged and 20 h UV-aged bitumen appeared depleted in phenyl and CH 3 groups compared to the bulk. This in turn indicates that the surfaces lacked asphaltenes and aromatics. It also shows that the saturated aliphatics found on the surface were almost all nonbranched linear chains. The ratio of CH 3 /CH 2 between the surface and bulk was completely reversed as the aging progressed; the non-aged and 20 h UV-aged films showed a lower CH 3 /CH 2 ratio at the surface relative to the bulk, but the 50 h UV-aged film showed a higher ratio. The latter observation was attributed to the chain scission and start of decomposition reactions breaking down the large compounds into smaller ones. In addition, sulfur hydroxyls present in the bulk were entirely absent from the surface. Furthermore, the chemical composition of the bee like structures on the bitumen surface could not be easily distinguished from the bulk composition by AFM−IR, but they appeared to be depleted in alkenes and hydroxyls compared to the areas around them. The study outcomes show variational effects of UV exposure on surface and bulk properties of bituminous composites. Such insights help formulators and manufacturers design functionally graded bitumen composites with enhanced resistance to UV aging at the surface.

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“… 11 , 12 For instance, Zadshir et al used a biomodifier to act as the fog sealant to delay the aging of asphalt; they showed that a biomodifier helped reduce the oxygen uptake of asphalt subjected to UV aging. 13 The application of certain polymer modifiers such as styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) reduced the rate of formation of carbonyl groups, indicating reduced aging. 14 The addition of specific chemicals to polymer-modified asphalt was found to improve resistance against aging; for instance, the addition of layered double hydroxides to asphalt having SBS was effective in delaying aging, as evidenced by a reduced change in the softening point and flexibility of bitumen during aging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies tested anti-aging additives and modifiers to delay the aging caused by oxidation and UV exposure. , For instance, Zadshir et al used a biomodifier to act as the fog sealant to delay the aging of asphalt; they showed that a biomodifier helped reduce the oxygen uptake of asphalt subjected to UV aging . The application of certain polymer modifiers such as styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) reduced the rate of formation of carbonyl groups, indicating reduced aging .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inherently Functionalized Carbon from Lipid and Protein-Rich Biomass to Reduce Ultraviolet-Induced Damages in Bituminous Materials

Rajib

Fini

2020

ACS Omega

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This paper examines the merits of using an inherently functionalized carbon, referred to as biochar as a free radical scavenger. The biochar was made from thermochemical liquefaction of a blend of algae (rich in protein and nucleic acids) and manure (rich in lipid). Here, we studied biochar’s efficacy as a free-radical scavenger and ultraviolet blocker to qualify it as an anti-aging additive in construction, including roofing shingles made from the bituminous composite. The study’s results show that the addition of biochar to bitumen significantly reduced the aging of bitumen. All tested biochars made from various relative proportions of algae and swine manure were found to be effective at reducing the extent of aging; however, the biochar made from algae alone was the most effective. The algal biochar was found to be an effective antiaging additive delaying aging up to 36%, as evidenced by lower rheology and the chemistry-based aging index compared to those of control bitumen after being exposed to the same aging protocol. Algal biochar was found to be more effective than other studied biochar scenarios owing to its inherently functionalized nature. The latter result could be attributed to the high surface area and rich phenol functional groups in algal biochar, turning it into an effective free-radical scavenger. The study outcome highlights the applicability of this inherently functionalized carbon referred to as biochar in construction to enhance sustainability while promoting the circular economy and the biomass value chain.

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Application of a Biomodifier as Fog Sealants to Delay Ultraviolet Aging of Bituminous Materials

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Influence of Gradation on the Mechanical Properties of Aged Hot-Mix Asphalts

Influence of Gradation on the Mechanical Properties of Aged Hot-Mix Asphalts

Surface Morphology and Chemical Mapping of UV-Aged Thin Films of Bitumen

Inherently Functionalized Carbon from Lipid and Protein-Rich Biomass to Reduce Ultraviolet-Induced Damages in Bituminous Materials

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