Application of 24-norcholestanes for constraining source age of petroleum

Holba, Á.; Dzou, Leon; Masterson, W. Dallam; Hughes, William B.; Huizinga, Bradley J.; Singletary, M. S.; Moldowan, J. Michael; Mello, M.R.; Tegelaar, Erik

doi:10.1016/s0146-6380(98)00184-3

Cited by 128 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Organic geochemical evidence (Holba et al 1998) pointed to a possible diatom origin for C 26 steranes in ancient sediments (from degradation of diatom-derived C 26 sterols), but this has yet to be confirmed by culture studies. Circumstantial evidence for this possibility comes from the identification of a C 26 sterol (possibly 24-norcholesta-5,22E-dien-3b-ol) in a mixed phytoplankton sample dominated by diatoms, most of which were Chaetoceros species (Boutry et al 1971).…”

Section: -Desmethyl-d 5 -Sterols In Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

Sterols in microorganisms

Volkman

2003

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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478

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Sterols are vital components of all eukaryotic cells. This review describes the variety of sterol structures found in microalgae, yeasts, fungi, protozoans and microheterotrophs. Reports of the occurrence of sterols in prokaryotic cells are critically assessed. Methylotrophic bacteria contain unusual 4-methylsterols, but reports of 4-desmethyl sterols in cyanobacteria and other bacteria are limited and many of these seem dubious. Possible application areas for sterols derived from mass culture of microalgae and other microorganisms are highlighted.

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Section: -Desmethyl-d 5 -Sterols In Microalgaementioning

confidence: 99%

Sterols in microorganisms

Volkman

2003

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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478

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“…2, Table 2), the presence of 18a(H)-oleanane and the relatively low abundance of tricyclic terpane (Fig. 4) support the terrigenous organic matter input during sedimentation (Philp and Gilbert, 1985;Holba et al, 1988;Moldowan et al, 1994;Peters et al, 2005;Nytoft et al, 2002). Additionally, the ternary diagram showing the relative abundance of C 27 , C 28 and C 29 steranes supports the mixed source of the organic matter, with high input from higher-plant organic matter, according to the field assigned by Liu and Lee (2004) for terrigenous organic matter (Fig.…”

Section: Organic Matter Type and Depositional Environmentmentioning

confidence: 61%

Potential petroleum source rocks in a tertiary sequence of the Eastern Venezuelan Basin

Quintero¹,

Monaco²,

López³

et al. 2012

Journal of South American Earth Sciences

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“…Diatom photosynthetic by-products of fatty acids and oils (or geochemical products derived from diatom fatty acids and oils) contribute to the accumulation of petroleum. Such markers include 24-norcholestanes (Holba et al, 1998) and highly branched isoprenoid alkenes (HBI). A particular form of HBI appears to be restricted to one particular clade of diatoms and can be used as a biogeochemical marker for rhizosolenioid diatoms (Sinninghe-Damste et al, 2004).…”

Section: Palaeontologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diatom deposits, because of their porous nature, can accumulate petroleum deposits when capped by impervious rocks. As mentioned above, diatoms are also the source of much petroleum, especially apparently that extracted from higher latitudes and deposits laid down since the Cretaceous (Holba et al, 1998).…”

Section: Economic Importance Of Diatomsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diatoms

Theriot¹

2012

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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Diatoms are single‐celled autotrophic organisms with highly ornate siliceous walls. They account for more than 20% of the world's primary production, are responsible for much of the petroleum humans use, and deposits of their shells are mined for numerous uses. The most taxonomically diverse groups of photosynthetic protists, diatoms are of ecological importance in nearly every freshwater and marine habitat. Their closest relatives are a poorly known group of microflagellates, some silicified and some not. Efforts to reconstruct diatom phylogeny are hampered by the fact that their true diversity and that of their closest relatives remains unknown. Genomic studies are creating tremendous new opportunities for study of this important group. Perhaps as much as a third of the diatom nuclear genome is now thought to be recently laterally transferred from bacteria. Diatom adaptation to such a wide range of environments may be a result of the resulting novel gene combinations. Key Concepts: Diatoms are a highly diverse group of protists, with perhaps more than 200 000 species, most of which remain undescribed. There are four major structural groups, radial centrics, polar centrics, araphid pennates and raphid pennates. Among the four major structural groups of diatoms, only the raphid pennates are robustly supported as monophyletic. Diatoms dominate the world's oceans, lakes and streams, conducting more than 20% of the world's photosynthesis. Diatoms are critical indicators of aquatic ecosystem conditions, past and present. Fossil diatoms have significant economic importance as stratigraphic indicators for mineral exploration, particularly petroleum and as a source of diatomite, which is used in numerous industrial applications. Diatoms make a diverse number of nanoscale siliceous structures, an order of magnitude smaller than that presently attainable by human technology. Understanding how diatoms make their shells may lead to breakthroughs in nanotechnology. Nearly a third of the diatom nuclear genome appears to be the result of relatively recent horizontal gene transfer from bacteria. Horizontal gene transfer may play a role in the apparent rapid adaptation and diversification of diatoms.

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Application of 24-norcholestanes for constraining source age of petroleum

Cited by 128 publications

References 18 publications

Sterols in microorganisms

Sterols in microorganisms

Potential petroleum source rocks in a tertiary sequence of the Eastern Venezuelan Basin

Diatoms

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