Application of 16s rDNA and cytochrome b ribosomal markers in studies of lineage and fish populations structure of aquatic species

Abstract

The most economically important form of aquaculture is fish farming, which is an industry that accounts for an ever increasing share of world fishery production. Molecular markers can be used to enhance the productivity of the aquaculture and fish industries to meet the increasing demand. Molecular markers can be identified via a DNA test regardless of the developmental stage, age or environmental challenges experienced by the organism. The application of 16s and cytochrome b markers has enabled rapid progress in investigations of genetic variability and inbreeding, parentage assignments, species and strain identification and the construction of high resolution genetic linkage maps for aquaculture fisheries. In this review, the advantages of principles and potential power tools of 16s and cytochrome b markers are discussed. Main findings in term of trend, aspects and debates on the reviewed issue made from the model of aquatic species for the benefit of aquaculture genomics and aquaculture genetics research are discussed. The concepts in this review are illustrated with various research examples and results that relate theory to reality and provide a strong review of the current status of these biotechnology topics.

Mitochondrial DNA analyses of Donax trunculus (Mollusca: Bivalvia) population structure in the Iberian Peninsula, a bivalve with high commercial importance

“…These results demonstrate the importance of analysing various regions to have a broader view of the genetic variability in the localities. Discrepancies in diversity levels provided by different mitochondrial markers were also observed in other studies of marine invertebrates (Yuan, He, & Huang, ; Zitari‐Chatti et al, ) where the 16S rRNA gene is more conserved than the Cytb gene (Baharum & Nurdalila, ; Hixson & Brown, ).…”

“…In this study, two mitochondrial genes, 16S rDNA (16S) and cytochrome b (Cytb), that have been extensively employed in previous population genetic studies of marine organisms were used (Baharum & Nurdalila, ; Chiu, Bor, Tan, Lin, & Jean, ; Fernández‐Pérez et al, ; Lim, Ahmad, Nuruddin, & Mohd‐Nor, ; Maggi & González‐Wangüemert, ; Martínez et al, ; Shen et al, ). The use of different regions of DNA, which might be differently affected by evolutionary forces, provides a more complete picture of the current and past processes that influence the patterns of genetic variation and offers valuable data for the management of species.…”

Seeking for the inner potential: comparison of larval growth rate between seven populations of Perca fluviatilis

“…We estimated potential genetic differentiation between populations through analyses of four mitochondrial regions: cytochrome b (Cytb), D-loop of control region (D-loop), 16S rRNA (16S) and cytochrome oxidase I (COI). These DNA regions have commonly been used in fish to study intraspecific genetic patterns (Makhrov and Bolotov 2006;Baharum 2012), including European perch (e.g. Nesbø et al 1998a;Nesbø et al 1998b;Nesbø et al 1999).…”

Using in situ hybridization to expand the daily egg production method to new fish species

“…Indeed, limited divergence within the nuclear 18S rRNA gene has been reported previously for fish (Stock, Gibbons, & Whitt, ), where even species from different families belonging to the same order (like Sturgeon and Paddlefish) may differ by as little as one‐base substitution (Krieger & Fuerst, ). Hence, the mt16S rRNA gene has been suggested as a suitable alternative (Baharum & Nurdalila, ; Pradillon et al., ), because accelerated rates of evolution in the mtDNA of animals make it a useful candidate for species identification purposes (Yang et al., ).…”