Application embedded chaos search immune genetic algorithm for short-term unit commitment

New approach for optimal UPFC placement using hybrid immune algorithm in electric power systems

“…Note that the antigens and the antibodies in the immune system are represented as the objective and feasible solutions, respectively, for the optimization problem. The calculation strategy of IGA is as follows [26,38,39]:…”

“…The IA method has provided good performance as an optimization algorithm [22][23][24][25]. Some science workers used the hybrid IA (HIA) method to solve the nonlinear and discrete optimization problems, and obtained better solutions [26,27].…”

A matrix real-coded genetic algorithm to the unit commitment problem

“…Among meta-heuristic techniques, genetic algorithm (GA) has been successfully employed to solve UC problems [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Special coding manner or genetic operations (crossover and mutation) are proposed to improve the GA algorithm performance, while the robustness of GA is demonstrated by comparison with other algorithms [24][25][26][27]32,33].…”

“…Special coding manner or genetic operations (crossover and mutation) are proposed to improve the GA algorithm performance, while the robustness of GA is demonstrated by comparison with other algorithms [24][25][26][27]32,33]. However, adopting binary number to represent the unit status, GA will have to cope with ED in each period [24][25][26][27][29][30][31][32][33]. Moreover, penalty function used to settle the constraints of the system and units do not ensure satisfying constraints at all time [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

“…However, adopting binary number to represent the unit status, GA will have to cope with ED in each period [24][25][26][27][29][30][31][32][33]. Moreover, penalty function used to settle the constraints of the system and units do not ensure satisfying constraints at all time [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. In solving UC problems, GA is also embedded with other methods such as LR, FL and chaos search [28][29][30][31], but there are also some deficiencies in these hybrid algorithms.…”