Application and Development of High-Power and Highly Efficient Silica-Based Fiber Lasers Operating at 2 $\mu$m

Jackson, Stuart D.; Sabella, Alexander; Lancaster, David G.

doi:10.1109/jstqe.2007.896087

Cited by 140 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…It happens because of the electron radiative emission from 3F4 → 3H6 (Stark level) [8]- [12]. Theoretically, the phenomenon doubled the quantum efficiency when it occurred efficiently [8]- [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Q-Switched Ultrafast TDFL Using MWCNTs-SA at 2 µm Region

Ahmad¹,

Latiff²,

Zakaria³

et al. 2014

IJCCE

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Abstract-We demonstrate an ultrafast TDFL Q-switched pulse in 2 µm wavelength using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as passive saturable absorber (SA). MWCNTs film is sandwiched between two fibre connectors or patch cords after deposited with index matching gel on the fibre ferrules. Thulium-doped fibre was pumped using 1552 nm source in the ring cavity. The repetition rate for the pulses can be tuned from 13.33 kHz to 21.07 kHz by varying the pump power from 307.5 mW to 371.4 mW. At the maximum power, the pulse generated energy of 87.34 nJ with full-width at half maximum (FHWM) of 8.21 µs.Index Terms-Multi-walled carbon nanotubes, passive saturabe absorber, Q-switching.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Q-Switched Ultrafast TDFL Using MWCNTs-SA at 2 µm Region

Ahmad¹,

Latiff²,

Zakaria³

et al. 2014

IJCCE

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“…Therefore, the enormous potential bandwidth resource of the TDFA is there to be exploited. Despite the fact that Tm-doped fiber sources have found many applications such as spectroscopy, remote sensing, photo-medicine, material processing, and mid-IR generation in the context of high power lasers [13,14], they have received little attention from the optical communication community other than for its Sband emission properties [15,16]. This is largely due to the lack of a suitable transmission medium, since the background loss of silica fiber is considerable at 2 µm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thulium-doped fiber amplifier for optical communications at 2 µm

Li¹,

Heidt²,

Daniel³

et al. 2013

Opt. Express

294

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Abstract:We report the first experimental realization and detailed characterization of thulium doped fiber amplifiers (TDFAs) specifically designed for optical communications providing high gain (>35 dB), noise figure as low as 5 dB, and over 100 nm wide bandwidth around 2 µm. A maximum saturated output power of 1.2 W was achieved with a slope efficiency of 50%. The gain dynamics of the amplifier were also examined. Our results show that TDFAs are well qualified as high performance amplifiers for possible future telecommunication networks operating around 2 µm.

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“…Like all quasi-three-level laser transitions, for efficient extraction efficiency from the holmium laser it is necessary to provide a pump-intensity several times that of the saturation intensity, which can often imply stringent requirements on the radiance of the pump source. Fortunately, Ho:YAG, due to its long lifetime, τ f~8 ms, and modest cross section ~1x10 -20 cm 2 , has a low saturation intensity for the strongest absorption line at 1.91microns, on the order of 1kWcm -2 . Moreover, the typical threshold-intensity for a holmium laser with a relatively low loss resonator is on the same order-ofmagnitude, however, this is strongly dependent upon the holmium doping concentration and resulting ETU processes 6 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-power slab-based Tm:YLF laser for in-band pumping of Ho:YAG

Mackenzie

Shepherd

et al. 2008

SPIE Proceedings

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Several remote sensing applications require pulsed sources in the mid-infrared spectral regime with high average powers and good beam quality. Ho:YAG lasers have a number of attractive features for high power generation at 2.1microns, either for direct applications or as a pump source for parametric conversion to longer infra-red wavelengths. Unfortunately, direct diode pumping of Ho:YAG is not practical, so a two-step process is generally employed in which one or more diode-pumped thulium-doped lasers are used to directly pump (in-band) the Ho:YAG laser. In response, we have investigated a slab-based architecture for scaling the output power of a Tm:YLF laser to the 100W power regime at 1.91microns, corresponding to a strong Ho:YAG absorption line. Multiple slab lasers with moderate beam quality in the plane of the slab can be combined to efficiently end-pump a low-doping concentration Ho:YAG rod in a pump-guided configuration. In a preliminary demonstration, two 2at.% doped Tm:YLF slab lasers with a spatially multiplexed output of 74W were employed to end-pump a 1.5mm diameter, 80mm long, 0.25at.% Ho:YAG barrel-polished rod. A twomirror plano-concave cavity, with 11% output coupling transmission, produced a CW output of 38W with a slope efficiency of 60% with respect to the incident power. Q-switched operation at a repetition rate of 20Hz with two intracavity Brewster plate polarizers and a 60% transmitting output coupler produced 14mJ pulses with a pulse duration (FWHM) of 18ns. This architecture offers an attractive route for future high-power 2micron lasers.

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Application and Development of High-Power and Highly Efficient Silica-Based Fiber Lasers Operating at 2 $\mu$m

Cited by 140 publications

References 34 publications

Q-Switched Ultrafast TDFL Using MWCNTs-SA at 2 µm Region

Q-Switched Ultrafast TDFL Using MWCNTs-SA at 2 µm Region

Thulium-doped fiber amplifier for optical communications at 2 µm

High-power slab-based Tm:YLF laser for in-band pumping of Ho:YAG

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