Applicability of the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence in smokers with schizophrenia

Steinberg, Marc L.; Williams, Jill M.; Steinberg, Howard R.; Krejci, Jonathan; Ziedonis, Douglas M.

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.04.012

Cited by 76 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…[41][42][43] Smoking behavior was assessed with an exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) level (MicroSmokerlyzer, Bedfont Scientific Ltd, Kent, United Kingdom) and the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). 44,45 While some investigators have questioned the use of the standard FTND in smokers with schizophrenia, 46,47 there is considerable support in the literature for its use. [48][49][50][51][52] Psychiatric symptomrelated information was collected using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), 53 Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), 54 Clinical Global Impression (CGI) 55 scale, and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II).…”

Section: Baseline and Treatment-related Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination Extended Smoking Cessation Treatment Plus Home Visits for Smokers With Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Brody

Zorick

Hubert

et al. 2016

NICTOB

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Introduction: The majority of people with schizophrenia have a diagnosis of tobacco dependence during their lifetime. A major obstacle to reducing the burden of cigarette smoking in this population is that these smokers have lower quit rates when undergoing standard treatment compared to smokers with no mental illness. We sought to determine if combination extended treatment (COMB-EXT) and home visits (HV) would lead to improved outcomes in smokers with schizophrenia. Methods: Thirty-four cigarette smokers with schizophrenia completed either COMB-EXT with HV, COMB-EXT without HV, or treatment as usual (TAU) (random assignment). COMB-EXT consisted of group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), bupropion, nicotine patch, and nicotine lozenge, which were initiated within 2 weeks and continued for 26 weekly visits. HV consisted of biweekly visits to the home with assessment of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and brief behavioral therapy with participants and others in the home environment. TAU consisted of group CBT plus serial single or combination medication trials as per standard care. Results: Smokers with schizophrenia who received COMB-EXT (with or without HV) had greater reductions in cigarettes per day than those treated with TAU (both ps < .01). In addition, 7-day point prevalence abstinence rates for the three groups were 45%, 20%, and 8%, respectively, which was significantly higher for COMB-EXT plus HV than TAU (χ 2 (1) = 4.8, p = .03). Groups did not differ significantly in the number of adverse events, and HV were easily scheduled. Conclusion: COMB-EXT improves outcomes for smokers with schizophrenia. HV appeared to provide additional benefit for smoking cessation in this treatment-resistant population. Implications: The clear benefit found here of rapidly initiated, combination, extended treatment over TAU suggests that aggressive and extended treatment should be considered in clinical practice for smokers with schizophrenia. Furthermore, HV to address SHS exposure showed initial promise for assisting smokers with schizophrenia in maintaining abstinence, indicating that this intervention may be worthy of future research.

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Section: Baseline and Treatment-related Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combination Extended Smoking Cessation Treatment Plus Home Visits for Smokers With Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Brody

Zorick

Hubert

et al. 2016

NICTOB

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“…The 0-4 points result corresponds to a low degree of dependence, 5-7 points -to a high degree, and the result of more than 7 points corresponds to a very high dependence. Although Steinberg et al [56] demonstrated that, in the schizophrenic group, this tool carries the risk of underestimating the size of the problem, yet, in this study, the introduction of a detailed interview is an attempt to compensate for these deficiencies.…”

Section: Fagerström Test For Nicotine Dependencementioning

confidence: 80%

1784 – The characteristics of nicotine addiction among patients with schizophrenia

Wojtyna

Wiszniewicz

2013

European Psychiatry

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IntroductionNicotine addiction is common among people with schizophrenia and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This rate is a much higher than among the general population, where the percentage of smokers varies between 25-47%.AimsThis study aims to characterize nicotine dependence in schizophrenics compared to smokers not having mental health problems. The research was also to determine whether the affective psychological factors (anxiety and depression) and the level of distress are important predictors of smoking in a group of psychotic patients.Methods204 smokers participated in the research, including 104 people with schizophrenia and 100 healthy persons. Participants were interviewed and asked to complete five questionnaires: Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, Test of Motivation for Smoking Cessation, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Distress Thermometer.ResultsThe study has shown that the schizophrenics smoked more, took a greater number of puffs, showed a higher level of dependence and were less motivated to give up smoking than the mentally healthy persons. The results show the important role of affective factors and feeling of distress in nicotine dependence. The study also confirmed a significant relationship between distress and the number of cigarettes smoked. Affective factors and distress explain 34% of variance of the number of cigarettes in the group of schizophrenics and 56% in the control group.ConclusionsThis study showed that psychological treatment should be implemented into programs for nicotine dependence to improve the functioning schizophrenics in terms of coping with stress and maintaining good mood.

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“…En effet, le fait que les PAS fument selon un pattern particulier, en extrayant plus de nicotine de chaque cigarette, et qu'ils présentent souvent des déficits cognitifs qui peuvent limiter leur capacité à répondre adéquatement au questionnaire, mène à la conclusion que le test de Fagerström sous-estime fréquemment la dépendance à la nicotine dans cette population (Steinberg et al, 2005). Finalement, les résultats obtenus avec la quétiapine dans cette étude laissent supposer que la réduction du tabagisme chez les PAS fumeurs pourrait être une propriété unique à la clozapine.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Améliorer les symptômes et le tabagisme chez les personnes souffrant de schizophrénie : un manque d’effet synergique du médicament antipsychotique

Légaré

Potvin

Mancini-Marı̈e

et al. 2008

smq

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Contexte : Le tabagisme est élevé chez les personnes souffrant de schizophrénie ; certains patients réclament une aide au niveau de la médication qu’ils reçoivent afin de cesser de fumer. Objectif : Parmi les traitements pharmacologiques de la schizophrénie, la clozapine peut réduire la consommation de cigarettes. Les effets de la quétiapine, un autre antipsychotique atypique partageant plusieurs propriétés structurales et pharmacologiques avec la clozapine, ont été examinés chez un groupe de fumeurs atteints de schizophrénie dans une étude exploratoire. Méthode : Vingt-et-un individus fumeurs avec un diagnostic de schizophrénie, de trouble schizo-affectif ou de trouble schizophréniforme et recevant de la quétiapine ont été évalués à l’aide du questionnaire de Fagerström pour la dépendance à la nicotine. Ils ont de plus subi des analyses de monoxyde de carbone sanguin. Résultats : Le profil tabagique des sujets n’a pas été modifié significativement par l’administration de la quétiapine, malgré une amélioration de la symptomatologie psychiatrique. Conclusion : La quétiapine ne semble pas avoir d’effet significatif sur la consommation de cigarettes chez les fumeurs souffrant de schizophrénie.Context: Tobacco use is high among people suffering from schizophrenia ; certain patients demand help at the medication level they receive in order to stop smoking. Objective: Among the pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia, clozapine can reduce tobacco use. The effects of quetiapine, another atypical antipsychotic medication sharing several structural and pharmacological properties with clozapine, have been examined in a group of smokers with schizophrenia in an exploratory study. Method: Twenty-one smoking individuals with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorder or schizophreniform disorder and receiving quetiapine have been evaluated with the help of a questionnaire elaborated by Fagerström for nicotine addiction. They also were submitted to carbon monoxide blood analyses. Results: The tobacco profile of subjects was not modified significantly by the administration of quetiapine, despite an improvement of the psychiatric symptomatology. Conclusion: Quetiapine does not appear to have a significant effect on tobacco use in smokers suffering from schizophrenia.Contexto: El tabaquismo es elevado en las personas que sufren de esquizofrenia; algunos pacientes requieren ayuda a nivel de la medicación que reciben a fin de dejar de fumar. Objetivo: Entre los tratamientos farmacológicos de la esquizofrenia, la clozapina puede reducir el consumo de cigarrillos. Los efectos de la quetiapina, otro antipsicótico atípico que comparte varias propiedades estructurales y farmacológicas con la clozapina, han sido examinados en un estudio exploratorio de un grupo de fumadores que sufren de esquizofrenia. Método: Veintiún individuos fumadores diagnosticados con esquizofrenia, de trastorno esquizoafectivo o de trastorno esquizofreniforme, y que reciben quetiapina fueron evaluados con ayuda del cuestionario de Fagerström para ...

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Applicability of the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence in smokers with schizophrenia

Cited by 76 publications

References 26 publications

Combination Extended Smoking Cessation Treatment Plus Home Visits for Smokers With Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Combination Extended Smoking Cessation Treatment Plus Home Visits for Smokers With Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

1784 – The characteristics of nicotine addiction among patients with schizophrenia

Améliorer les symptômes et le tabagisme chez les personnes souffrant de schizophrénie : un manque d’effet synergique du médicament antipsychotique

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