Applicability of Macroscopic Wear and Friction Laws on the Atomic Length Scale

Eder, Stefan J.; Feldbauer, Gregor; Bianchi, Davide; Cihak-Bayr, Ulrike; Betz, G.; Vernes, A.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.115.025502

Cited by 45 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Modelling surfaces with realistic levels of roughness lubricated by a fluid is a case in point. Such a problem is still beyond the scales accessible to full MD simulation [269]. Alternatively, atomistic details of the surface topography and fluid close to 26 Friction | https://mc03.manuscriptcentral.com/friction the walls can be explicitly modelled and intimately linked to the macroscopic response of the fluid further from the walls.…”

Section: Linking MD To Larger Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of lubricants and additives

2018

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Nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations have provided unique insights into the nanoscale behaviour of lubricants under shear. This review discusses the early history of NEMD and its progression from a tool to corroborate theories of the liquid state, to an instrument that can directly evaluate important fluid properties, towards a potential design tool in tribology. The key methodological advances which have allowed this evolution are also highlighted. This is followed by a summary of bulk and confined NEMD simulations of liquid lubricants and lubricant additives, as they have progressed from simple atomic fluids to ever more complex, realistic molecules. The future outlook of NEMD in tribology, including the inclusion of chemical reactivity for additives, and coupling to continuum methods for large systems, is also briefly discussed.

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Section: Linking MD To Larger Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eder et al [269] simulated the abrasion process of an atomically rough iron surface with multiple hard, abrasive particles. By monitoring the nanoscopic wear depth over time, the authors showed that the Barwell macroscopic wear law [270] holds even at the atomic scale.…”

Section: Nanoparticles As Dry Lubricantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of lubricants and additives

2018

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“…Equation (3) shows the formal Amontons' friction law, i.e., f = µ(L − L 0 ), where µ is the friction coefficient and L 0 is an offset. However, this result cannot show that Amontons' friction law is valid at the nanoscale for the nanopatterned surface because µ* is not independent of L 0 *, as explained by Eder et al [29] As shown in Figure 7c, the nanopatterned surface shows a high but finite friction force at L = 0 even at negative loads in adhesive contact, while a nearly no friction force at L = 0 is observed in nonadhesive contact. The friction force in adhesive contact is much greater than that in adhesive contact for the nanopatterned surface.…”

Section: Friction Lawmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Our simulation data reveal that the friction force f depends linearly on the real contact area Areal for both the nanopatterned surface and the flat contact surface in either adhesive contact or in nonadhesive contact at the nanoscale. This linear real contact area dependence of the friction force has been found for H-terminated diamond surfaces [2] and atomically rough Fe surfaces [29] at the nanoscale. Figure 7b shows the average real contact area as a function of the normal load for the nanopatterned surface with l p = 2.17 nm and λ = 50%.…”

Section: Friction Lawmentioning

confidence: 82%

Tuning the Friction of Silicon Surfaces Using Nanopatterns at the Nanoscale

Han

Sun

et al. 2017

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Friction and wear become significant at small scale lengths, particularly in MEMS/NEMS. Nanopatterns are regarded as a potential approach to solve these problems. In this paper, we investigated the friction behavior of nanopatterned silicon surfaces with a periodical rectangular groove array in dry and wear-less single-asperity contact at the nanoscale using molecular dynamics simulations. The synchronous and periodic oscillations of the normal load and friction force with the sliding distance were determined at frequencies defined by the nanopattern period. The linear load dependence of the friction force is always observed for the nanopatterned surface and is independent of the nanopattern geometry. We show that the linear friction law is a formal Amontons' friction law, while the significant linear dependence of the friction force-versus-real contact area and real contact area-versus-normal load captures the general features of the nanoscale friction for the nanopatterned surface. Interestingly, the nanopattern increases the friction force at the nanoscale, and the desired friction reduction is also observed. The enlargement and reduction of the friction critically depended on the nanopattern period rather than the area ratio. Our simulation results reveal that the nanopattern can modulate the friction behavior at the nanoscale from the friction signal to the friction law and to the value of the friction force. Thus, elaborate nanopatterning is an effective strategy for tuning the friction behavior at the nanoscale.

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“…They became conscious of the rolling movement of sphere particle and found that the sliding of particle can prevent the large elastic recovery. Whilst, the friction and wear behaviors of diamond nanoparticles between other solid surfaces were studied via the MD method [26][27][28]. Eder et al observed a linear dependence of the contact area on the applied load in accordance with Greenwood-Williamson contact mechanics for the cubic abrasive particles on atomically rough iron surface [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Influence of Abrasive Shape on the Abrasion and Phase Transformation of Monocrystalline Silicon

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The effect of abrasive shape on the three-body abrasion behaviors of monocrystalline silicon was investigated via molecular dynamics. The axial ratio of abrasive particle varied from 1.00 to 0.40 to mimic abrasive shape. It has been observed that the particle's movement became sliding instead of rolling when the axial ratio was smaller than a critical value 0.46. In the abrasion process, the friction force and normal force showed an approximately sinusoid-like fluctuation for the rolling ellipsoidal particles, while the front cutting of particle caused that friction force increased and became larger than normal force for sliding particles. The phase transformation process was tracked under different particle' movement patterns. The Si-II and Bct5 phase producing in loading process can partially transform to Si-III/Si-XII phase, and backtrack to original crystal silicon under pressure release, which also occurred in the abrasion process. The secondary phase transformation showed difference for particles' rolling and sliding movements after three-body abrasion. The rolling of particle induced the periodical and inhomogeneous deformation of substrates, while the sliding benefited producing high-quality surface in chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process. This study aimed to construct a more precise model to understand the wear mechanism benefits evaluating the micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) wear and CMP process of crystal materials.

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Applicability of Macroscopic Wear and Friction Laws on the Atomic Length Scale

Cited by 45 publications

References 40 publications

Advances in nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of lubricants and additives

Advances in nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of lubricants and additives

Tuning the Friction of Silicon Surfaces Using Nanopatterns at the Nanoscale

Influence of Abrasive Shape on the Abrasion and Phase Transformation of Monocrystalline Silicon

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