Applicability of chemical derivatization – X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (CD–XPS) to the characterization of complex matrices: case of electrosynthesized polypyrroles

Malitesta, C.; Losito, Ilario; Sabbatini, Luigia; Zambonin, P. G.

doi:10.1016/s0368-2048(98)00298-9

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…[44] Malitesta et al considered the C O and C N groups in polypyrrole films. [49] Holländer et al distinguished the TFAA-derivatized OH and NH 2 groups in the corresponding polymer films by the curve-fitting analysis of the C 1s spectra. [47,48] Thus it has been difficult to obtain the correct evaluation of the surface functional groups by using only the GCD method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X‐ray photoelectron analysis of surface functional groups on diamond‐like carbon films by gas‐phase chemical derivatization method

Takabayashi

Okamoto

Motoyama

et al. 2010

Surface & Interface Analysis

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a Oxygen-related surface functional groups on diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were derivatized with fluorine-and nitrogenrelated groups by the gas-phase chemical derivatization (GCD) method, and the groups were analyzed quantitatively by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It is desirable that a derivatization reaction is unique to the target group; however, it usually causes undesirable side reactions which affect other groups. This diversity of the reactions has complicated the analysis. In this report, we have overcome the problem by applying a mathematical treatment which takes the side reactions into account. This improved analysis shows that it is no longer necessary to have derivatization reactions unique to the target groups. As a result, it is demonstrated that the carbonyl (C O) group is the dominant surface functional group on both the DLC and its wet-oxidized films, the carboxyl (COOH) group plays a minor role, and the presence of the hydroxyl (OH) group is logically denied. Considering the oxidation steps of these oxygen-related surface functional groups, it is suggested that the C O group on the DLC films requires the cleavage of the carbon-carbon bond with a relatively high activation energy barrier to change into the COOH group.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X‐ray photoelectron analysis of surface functional groups on diamond‐like carbon films by gas‐phase chemical derivatization method

Takabayashi

Okamoto

Motoyama

et al. 2010

Surface & Interface Analysis

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“…The small shoulder at the lower binding energy side can be confirmed to a structural defect in the form of imine-like nitrogen (=N-). The reason should due to the positively charged N consumed after it strip the cobalt element, such a result is corresponding to that the literatures [14][15][16][17], they mentioned that the =N + -H component combined with cobalt ions to form a stable Co-PPy compound and the number of charged nitrogen decrease. In case of PtCo/PPy-MWCNTs (Figure 8b), the N1s spectra is asymmetric and the positively charged N decreases accompanying with the =N-increases.…”

Section: Original Research Papermentioning

confidence: 53%

“…The other shoulder at 401.0 to 403 eV can be attributed to the positively charged N (-NH +and =NH + -) in different environments and about 1.5 eV higher than that of -NH- [14][15][16]. The small shoulder at the lower binding energy side can be confirmed to a structural defect in the form of imine-like nitrogen (=N-).…”

Section: Original Research Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

PtCo/Polypyrrole‐Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Complex Cathode Catalyst Containing Two Types of Oxygen Reduction Active Sites Used in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

et al. 2012

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Low oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity and high cost of noble metal catalysts are two major challenges in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Pt‐based catalysts are considered as an ideal alternative to deal with these two problems. While the second component metals play only the role of synergy effect with Pt, they themselves are inert towards activity towards ORR. It is necessary to design a new route to ultilize the second component metal by forming CoNx ORR active site on the base of PtM catalyst. In this paper, PtCo/polypyrrole‐multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PtCo/PPy‐MWCNTs) catalyst containing two types of ORR active site (Pt and CoNx) was synthesized by one pot synthesis route. The effect and dynamic mechanism of the named CoNx active site towards ORR was discussed by X‐ray photoelectron sprectroscopy and linear sweep voltammetry. PtCo/PPy‐MWCNTs cathode catalyst showed improved activity towards ORR and great potential in DMFCs.

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“…21 In Figure 2(c), nitrogen 1s core peak consists of three main peaks at 399·7, 398·4 and 401·6 eV, corresponding to -N-H, N=C and N + , respectively. 22 As shown in Figure 3( 23 In the case of the oxygen 1s spectrum in Figure 2(e), there was a peak of O=S=O at 531·2 eV and a peak of O-H in the bound water at 532·8 eV. In Figure 2(f), the peak at about 1071 eV can be assigned to the sodium ion.…”

Section: Xpsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Observation on Sodium p-Toluenesulfonate Doped Polypyrrole Cathode for Sodium Ion Battery

HouHongying

LiaoQishu

DuanJixiang

et al. 2017

Surface Innovations

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Sodium p-toluenesulfonate (TsONa)-doped polypyrrole (PPy) was synthesized as the cathode active material of sodium ion battery by way of facile one-step electrodeposition on iron (Fe) foil. The micro-morphology and micro-structure of assynthesized TsONa/PPy/iron cathode were characterized in terms of scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction; furthermore, the electrochemical Na-storage activity of TsONa/PPy/iron cathode was investigated by methods of, galvanostatic charge/discharge, cyclic voltammetry and alternating current impedance. As expected, the cauliflower-like TsONa-doped PPy particles tightly combined with the surface of the iron foil without any additional polymer binders; and also, the resultant TsONa/PPy/iron cathode delivered satisfactory electrochemical performances, mainly attributed to high Na-storage activity of PPy matrix and high electronic conductivity induced by doping of TsONa. For example, the reversible discharge capacity of TsONa/PPy/iron cathode remained about 98 mAh/g after at least 50 cycles and the corresponding coulombic efficiency was 92%, indicating high cyclic stability and reversibility of TsONa/PPy/iron cathode for sodium ion battery.

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Applicability of chemical derivatization – X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (CD–XPS) to the characterization of complex matrices: case of electrosynthesized polypyrroles

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

X‐ray photoelectron analysis of surface functional groups on diamond‐like carbon films by gas‐phase chemical derivatization method

X‐ray photoelectron analysis of surface functional groups on diamond‐like carbon films by gas‐phase chemical derivatization method

PtCo/Polypyrrole‐Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Complex Cathode Catalyst Containing Two Types of Oxygen Reduction Active Sites Used in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Observation on Sodium p-Toluenesulfonate Doped Polypyrrole Cathode for Sodium Ion Battery

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