Apples-to-apples

Bianzino, Aruna Prem; Raju, Anand; Rossi, Dario

doi:10.1145/1925019.1925036

Cited by 40 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This makes both the results potentially diverse, and very hard for the reader (and the authors of the current study) to compare energy saving results across different publications. As already noted by Bianzino et al [103], [104], there is a clear need for a consistent methodology and benchmark to evaluate different power saving techniques.…”

Section: ) Static Approaches Onlymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Quantitative Survey of the Power Saving Potential in IP-Over-WDM Backbone Networks

Heddeghem

Lannoo

Colle

et al. 2016

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

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Abstract-The power consumption in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) networks is growing year by year; this growth presents challenges from a technical, economic and environmental point of view. This has lead to a great number of research publications on 'green' telecommunication networks. In response, a number of survey works have appeared as well. However, with respect to backbone networks most survey works (a) do not allow for an easy cross-validation of the savings reported in the various works, (b) nor do they provide a clear overview of the individual and combined power saving potential. Therefore, in this work we survey the reported saving potential in IP-over-WDM backbone telecommunication networks across the existing body of research in that area. We do this by mapping more than 10 different approaches to a concise analytical model, which allows us to estimate the combined power reduction potential. Our estimates indicate that the power reduction potential of the once-only approaches is 2.3× in a Moderate Effort scenario and 31× in a Best Effort scenario. Factoring in the historic and projected yearly efficiency improvements ("Moore's law") roughly doubles both values on a 10-year horizon. The large difference between the outcome of the Moderate Effort and Best Effort scenario is explained by the disparity and lack of clarity of the reported saving results, and by our (partly) subjective assessment of the feasibility of the proposed approaches. The Moderate Effort scenario will not be sufficient to counter the projected traffic growth, although the Best Effort scenario indicates that sufficient potential is likely available. The largest isolated power reduction potential is available in improving the power associated with cooling and power provisioning, and applying sleep modes to overdimensioned equipment.

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Section: ) Static Approaches Onlymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Quantitative Survey of the Power Saving Potential in IP-Over-WDM Backbone Networks

Heddeghem

Lannoo

Colle

et al. 2016

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…More recently proposed energy efficiency metrics provide effective means for understanding, measuring, reporting, designing objectives and evaluating the performance of energy efficiency of components, systems and networks. Energy efficiency metrics on component (such as power amplifier), node (BS or BS site) and system levels in mobile cellular networks have been extensively covered [5], [64], [65], [91], [92]. In general, a good metric should be standardized to compare energy consumption of different units in the same class and provide directions for possible research and development targets.…”

Section: A Classical Energy Efficiency Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-Efficient Base-Stations Sleep-Mode Techniques in Green Cellular Networks: A Survey

Zhou

Zukerman

et al. 2015

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

397

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Due to global climate change as well as economic concern of network operators, energy consumption of the infrastructure of cellular networks, or "Green Cellular Networking," has become a popular research topic. While energy saving can be achieved by adopting renewable energy resources or improving design of certain hardware (e.g., power amplifier) to make it more energy-efficient, the cost of purchasing, replacing, and installing new equipment (including manpower, transportation, disruption to normal operation, as well as associated energy and direct cost) is often prohibitive. By comparison, approaches that work on the operating protocols of the system do not require changes to current network architecture, making them far less costly and easier for testing and implementation. In this survey, we first present facts and figures that highlight the importance of green mobile networking and then review existing green cellular networking research with particular focus on techniques that incorporate the concept of the "sleep mode" in base stations. It takes advantage of changing traffic patterns on daily or weekly basis and selectively switches some lightly loaded base stations to low energy consumption modes. As base stations are responsible for the large amount of energy consumed in cellular networks, these approaches have the potential to save a significant amount of energy, as shown in various studies. However, it is noticed that certain simplifying assumptions made in the published papers introduce inaccuracies. This review will discuss these assumptions, particularly, an assumption that ignores the effect of traffic-load-dependent factors on energy consumption. We show here that considering this effect may lead to noticeably lower benefit than in models that ignore this effect. Finally, potential future research directions are discussed.

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