Apple pomace from eleven cultivars: an approach to identify sources of bioactive compounds

Sato, Mariana Fátima; Vieira, Renato Giovanetti; Zardo, Danianni Marinho; Falcão, Leila Denise; Nogueira, Alessandro; Wosiacki, Gilvan

doi:10.4025/actasciagron.v32i1.3176

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The percentage of fructose was 40.84–63.36%, glucose 7.92–16.40%, and sucrose 0.96–26.55%, which is consistent with the findings of Queji and co-authors [ 47 ] who investigated 26 apple cultivars and obtained 18–31% fructose, 3.4–24% sucrose, and 2.5–12.4% glucose per absolute weight of dry apple pomace. Our results partially correspond with the study of Wu and co-workers [ 48 ] for commercial cultivars, who found average values of 53.9% fructose, 33.8% glucose, and 24% sucrose, and with those of Sato and co-authors [ 49 ], who found 12.7% glucose, 17.9% fructose, and 7.0% sucrose in different apple cultivars. Most organically grown apple cultivars contain more fructose and less glucose, which is beneficial for diabetic patients as it helps to keep the blood sugar level constant [ 50 ].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Fruit Quality Attributes of Organically Grown Norwegian Apples Are Affected by Cultivar and Location

Natić,

Dabić Zagorac,

Jakanovski

et al. 2024

Plants

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In this work, 12 apple cultivars grown organically in three regions of Norway (Telemark, Ullensvang, Viken) were analyzed in terms of fruit quality, with the aim of equating different growing regions under specific climatic conditions. Apples were analyzed for concentration levels of minerals, sugars, sugar alcohols, organic acids, total phenolic content (TPC), radical scavenging activity (RSA), and phenolic profiles. Discovery “Rose” from Telemark stored the highest level of minerals (24,094.5 mg/kg dry weight). Glucose, fructose, sucrose, and sorbitol were the major carbohydrates, whereas the predominant organic acids were quinic acid and malic acid. Cultivar Discovery from Ullensvang had the highest TPC (9.22 g/kg) and RSA (229.32 mmol TE/kg). Of the polyphenols quantified, chlorogenic acid and kaempferol-3-O-glucoside were the most abounded, accounting for 85.50%. Principal component analysis (PCA) shows that the Ullensvang region is the richest source of most carbohydrates, organic acids (quinic, shikimic, and galacturonic), and most polyphenols, whereas the highest content of minerals and maleic acid characterized Viken. Regardless of location, the Discovery cultivar had, on average, the highest sugar and polyphenol contents. The results obtained suggest that organic apples from Norway are a rich source of beneficial compounds that can have a positive impact on human health. In addition, these results may be useful for consumers in identifying apple cultivars with desirable characteristics and for the fruit industry in tracing back the origin of apples. The findings could also be of great interest for locations with similar climate and soil conditions worldwide.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Fruit Quality Attributes of Organically Grown Norwegian Apples Are Affected by Cultivar and Location

Natić,

Dabić Zagorac,

Jakanovski

et al. 2024

Plants

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“…Correlation experiments to predict the antioxidant properties have been performed by many authors. AP powder with higher levels of TPC had a greater antioxidant capacity (Sato et al, 2010;Savatović, Đilas, Tumbas, Čanadanović-Brunet, & Ćetković, 2005). The values of AA indicated a positive correlation with the values of TPC of AP powder at different drying method, and ultrasonication amplitude (UA).…”

Section: Relationship Between Tpc and Aamentioning

confidence: 83%

Effect of Drying Methods and Ultrasonication in Improving the Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Apple Pomace Powder

Lohani¹,

Muthukumarappan²

2014

JFR

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Although extrusion is a promising process to develop ready to eat cereals and snacks, thermal treatment to raw material during extrusion results in degradation of phenolic compounds. Therefore, an approach was made to enhance the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) of apple pomace (AP) prior to extrusion process. In this study, AP powder was naturally fermented (F) for 12 h and then was subjected to ultrasonication (U) at various conditions [25, 37, and 50 µm ultrasonication amplitude (UA) for 1, 2, and 3 min of ultrasonication time (UT)]. AP was then dried in oven (O) and microwave (MW), separately and thus four drying methods, i.e. O F -O U , O F -MW U , MW F -O U , MW F -MW U were used in combinations. Full factorial design was used for experimental plan and results were analyzed using statistical software. It was observed that drying method significantly affected the TPC and AA of AP powder followed by UA. UT did not have any significant effect on TPC, and AA. Maximum TPC, and AA observed for the AP powder dried in MW after fermentation and ultrasonication (MW F -MW U ) at 50 µm UA for 3 min UT were 372.98 mg GAE/100g DW, and 729.67 µmol TE/100 g DW, respectively. MW F -MW U drying exhibited a more prominent disrupted and porous structure of AP powder compared with that of O F -O U drying.

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“…The observed differences can be correlated to different apple varieties (cultivars), their origin, and the effect of processing techniques [ 8 , 22 ]. For instance, the AP used by Gowman et al was from an apple juice processing company that processed a mixture of different varieties of apples (Northern Spy, MacIntosh, Empire, Gala, Ambrosia) with several steps of air drying [ 19 ], and in a study by Verma et al, the AP was the waste of apple juice from the Malus Domestica variety [ 20 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity and Cytocompatibility of Polyphenolic Compounds Extracted from Food Industry Apple Waste: Potential in Biomedical Application

et al. 2023

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Apple pomace (AP) from the food industry is a mixture of different fractions containing bioactive polyphenolic compounds. This study provides a systematic approach toward the recovery and evaluation of the physiochemical and biological properties of polyphenolic compounds from AP. We studied subcritical water extraction (SCW) and solvent extraction with ethanol from four different AP fractions of pulp, peel, seed, core, and stem (A), peel (B), seed and core (C), and pulp and peel (D). The subcritical water method at the optimum condition resulted in total polyphenolic compounds (TPC) of 39.08 ± 1.10 mg GAE per g of AP on a dry basis compared to the ethanol extraction with TPC content of 10.78 ± 0.94 mg GAE/g db. Phloridzin, chlorogenic acid, and quercetin were the main identified polyphenolics in the AP fractions using HPLC. DPPH radical scavenging activity of fraction B and subcritical water (SW) extracts showed comparable activity to ascorbic acid while all ethanolic extracts were cytocompatible toward human fibroblast (3T3-L1) and salivary gland acinar cells (NS-SV-AC). Our results indicated that AP is a rich source of polyphenolics with the potential for biomedical applications.

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Apple pomace from eleven cultivars: an approach to identify sources of bioactive compounds

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Fruit Quality Attributes of Organically Grown Norwegian Apples Are Affected by Cultivar and Location

Fruit Quality Attributes of Organically Grown Norwegian Apples Are Affected by Cultivar and Location

Effect of Drying Methods and Ultrasonication in Improving the Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Apple Pomace Powder

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity and Cytocompatibility of Polyphenolic Compounds Extracted from Food Industry Apple Waste: Potential in Biomedical Application

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