“…While a plethora of definitions exist relating to the assessment and evaluation of institutional internationalization, a number of broad overlapping criteria can be gleaned and used as a conceptual framework. Chin, Wu, & Ching (2012) in their comparison of the degree of internationalization in the context of Taiwanese higher educational institutions use twelve indicators as measures: institutional commitments, strategic planning, funding, policy and guidelines, organizational infrastructure and resources, academic offerings and curriculum, internet presence, faculty and staff development, international students and scholars, study abroad, campus life, performance evaluation and accountability. Qiang (2003), in comparison, employs a paradigm of internationalization covering four approaches: activity (including curricula, study abroad, internationalizing faculty and recruitment of international students), competency (knowledge and skills), ethos (intercultural and international initiatives) and process (incorporating an international dimension into teaching, service and research).…”