Appetitive traits and relationships with BMI in adults: Development of the Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire

Abstract

The Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) is a validated parent-report measure of appetitive traits associated with weight in childhood. There is currently no matched measure for use in adults. The aim of this study was to adapt the CEBQ into a self-report Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (AEBQ) to explore whether the associations between appetitive traits and BMI observed in children are present in adults. Two adult samples were recruited one year apart from an online survey panel in 2013 (n = 708) and 2014 (n = 954). Both samples completed the AEBQ and self-reported their weight and height. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to derive 35 items for the AEBQ in Sample 1 and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to replicate the factor structure in Sample 2. Reliability of the AEBQ was assessed using Cronbach’s α and a two week test-retest in a sub-sample of 93 participants. Correlations between appetitive traits measured by the AEBQ and BMI were calculated. PCA and CFA results showed the AEBQ to be a reliable questionnaire (Cronbach’s α > 0.70) measuring 8 appetitive traits similar to the CEBQ [Hunger (H), Food Responsiveness (FR), Emotional Over-Eating (EOE), Enjoyment of Food (EF), Satiety Responsiveness (SR), Emotional Under-eating (EUE), Food Fussiness (FF) and Slowness in Eating (SE)]. Associations with BMI showed FR, EF (p < 0.05) and EOE (p < 0.01) were positively associated and SR, EUE and SE (p < 0.01) were negatively associated. Overall, the AEBQ appears to be a reliable measure of appetitive traits in adults which translates well from the validated child measure. Adults with a higher BMI had higher scores for ‘food approach’ traits (FR, EOE and EF) and lower scores for ‘food avoidance’ traits (SR, EUE and SE).

The Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire in a bariatric surgery‐seeking sample: Factor structure, convergent validity, and associations with BMI

“…The Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (AEBQ) is an age‐upward extension of a widely used and well‐validated measure of individual differences in food approach (enjoyment of eating, eating in response to food cues in the environment, and eating in response to negative affect) and avoidance (responsiveness to satiety, slow pace of eating, undereating in response to negative affect, and picky/“fussy” eating) in children (Hunot et al, ; Wardle, Guthrie, Sanderson, & Rapoport, ). The Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) scales are concurrently and prospectively associated with adiposity in children (e.g., Antoniou et al, ; Boswell, Byrne, & Davies, ; Koch & Pollatos, ; Llewellyn & Fildes, ).…”

“…The AEBQ shares seven of the original CEBQ scales (excluding a scale measuring desire to drink and including a newly added scale measuring subjective hunger). In two validation samples, the AEBQ scales (with the exception of scales measuring hunger and picky/fussy eating) were correlated with BMI in the expected directions (Hunot et al, 2016;Mallan et al, 2017). The psychometric properties of the AEBQ have yet to be studied in adults with severe obesity.…”

Hubungan Stres, Perilaku Makan, Dan Asupan Zat Gizi Dengan Status Gizi Pada Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir

“…Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain cross-sectional. 28 Data asupan energi, karbohidrat, lemak, dan protein diukur melalui metode wawancara langsung menggunakan kuesioner FFQ semi kuantitatif. Hasil ukur dianalisis menggunakan software komputer Nutrisurvey.…”

Improving laboratory studies of human eating behaviour: Energy balance and real-world considerations

“…Generally speaking, the shorter the duration of an experiment the more likely it is to be affected by a number of potential confounders including the psychometric eating traits of the subjects themselves. There are now a number of validated scales characterising appetite traits including (but not limited to) the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (Stunkard & Messick, 1985), the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (van Strein, Frijters, Bergers, & Defares, 1986), the Adult Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (Hunot, et al, 2016) and the Control of Eating Questionnaire (Dalton, Finlayson, Hill, & Blundell, 2015). It would be extremely valuable to agree a package of such questionnaires that are commonly used to profile the eating behaviour traits of study populations, and that can also be used to evaluate moderators of study outcomes.…”